culture and media

Question 1

describe how men are portrayed in the media

Answer 1

• directive
• independent
• strong and in control
• agressive but for the greater good

Question 2

describe how women are pportrayed in the media

Answer 2

• passive
• dependent + unambitous
• emotional
• flawless
• sexually enticing

Question 3

what did McGhee and Freuh (1980) find about media and gender?

Answer 3

children who watched TV more than 25 hours per week had more stereotypical views than those who didn’t

Question 4

how does media enforce vicarious reinforcement?

Answer 4

gender appropriate behaviours tend to be rewarded
non gender appropriate behaviours tend to be punished
- success stories of similar ppl to us increases our self efficacy
- we learn to follow gender appropriate behaviours

Question 5

how does the media link to counter stereotypes?

Answer 5

Pingree (1978)- found stereotyping in children is reduced when they are shown non conforming gender roles through media
- media can have a positive effect

Question 6

how does culture have an impact on gender expectations?

Answer 6

• children are socialised in the norms of the culture they are brought up in
• starts at home with parents, then school, their peers and the media

Question 7

describe Mead’s study on cultural differences

Answer 7

• 1935
• 3 tribal groups from New Guinea
• Arapesh tribe were most gentle and responsive to others
• Mundugomor had similarities to western notion of masculinity
• Tchambuli women opposed western norms- were the dominant sex + in charge
• highlights that gender is culturally rather than biologically determined