Sex Determination Flashcards

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1
Q

Bipotential Gonad - Male

A
  • Testosterone
  • Anti-Mullerian duct hormone
  • no mullerian duct
  • wolffian duct –> vas deferens
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2
Q

Bipotential Gonad - Female

A
  • No Testosterone
  • No Anti-Mullerian duct hormone
  • mullerian duct –> oviduct
  • no wolffian duct
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3
Q

Gential Development

A

Androgens = Male

No Androgens = Female

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4
Q

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

A
  • androgens secreted (testes)
  • androgen receptor inactive (female genitals develop)
  • testes + lower portion of mullerian duct
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5
Q

Primary Sex Determination

A

Heterogametic systems – XX/XY
Fly – X/XX
Insect – 1n/2n

Temperature gated and Social Systems
- turtle + clownfish

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6
Q

Turner’s Syndrome

A

Female with one X chromosome

– female NOT determined by 2 X chromosomes

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7
Q

Sex Reversal

A

Males

  • translocation of sex-reversal from Y to X
  • encodes TF –> secrete androgens

Females
- deletion of sex-reversal

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8
Q

Lack of Y

A

Male with no Y chromosome

– male NOT determined by Y chromosome

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9
Q

Drosophila Sex Determination - Male

A
  • X:A = 0.5
  • no SXL protein (no TF to bind to promoter)
  • U2AF binds to male 3’ss
  • no TRA expressed (stop codon)
  • Tra2 spliced
  • DSXm expressed (suppress female differentiation)
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10
Q

Drosophila Sex Determination - Female

A
  • X:A = 1.0
  • SXL protein (TF to bind to promoter)
  • U2AF further 3’ss
  • TRA expressed
  • Tra2tra spliced
  • DSXf expressed (suppress male differentiation)
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11
Q

Behaviour of Organisms

A
  • responses to stimuli
  • chemotaxis
  • mating pheromones
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12
Q

Drosophila Courtship Behaviour - Female

A

2X:2A –> SXL –> TRA + TRA2 –> DSXf

- no fruitless produced
- have TRA2 binding site after spliced
remove TRA2 binding site = female has male courtship

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13
Q

Drosophila Courtship Behaviour - Male

A

1X:2A –> no SXL –> no TRA
TRA2 –> DSXm
TRA2 –> fru

  • fruitless produced = male courtship behaviour
  • no TRA2 binding site after spliced
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14
Q

Neurons Action Potential

A
  • normally = -70mV
    BLUE LIGHT
  • depolarization = above 0mV
    (opsin opens, ions flow)
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15
Q

Two Component System

A

GAL4 driver line –> GAL4 –> binds to UASGAL4
Activates YFG

  • YFG w/ GFP = visualize neurons
  • YFG w/ TRP = temp sensitive ion pore (behaviour)
  • YFG w/ Tetx = inhibit neural transmitter release
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