Sex and Gender Flashcards
What is gender identity?
Gender is where someone identifies on the scale of masculinity and femininity. Gender and sex are not the same thing.
Somebody may be biologically female but identify far on the masculine scale and feel more like a man.
What is sex identity?
The genetics and primary sex characteristics that determine whether someone is a male or a female.
Sex can be altered through the use of drugs such as hormone blockers to change the way the body develops if somebody wishes to be the opposite sex.
Explain Sigmund Freud’s work with Little Hans.
Aim: To gather evidence that supports the Oedipus Complex.
Freud studied Little Hans in his home. Hans developed a phobia of a white horse that he thought would fall over and bite him. Around the age of 5, Hans unconsciously began to be with his mother more and want her love and attention.
The horse represented Hans’s father and this was because of the rivalry between Hans and his father over the attention and love of the mother. The horse biting Hans was his fear of his dad castrating him and the horse falling down was Hans’s unconscious desire for his dad to die so he could be with his mother.
Resolving:The Oedipus Complex that Hans was suffering from was resolved when he began to copy and mimic his father and they became close and did more things together. This resolved Hans’s unconscious Oedipus Complex which he was suffering from.
What is the Electra Complex?
It is the same as the Oedipus Complex apart from the daughter is rivalling with the mother for he father’s love and attention and again it can be resolved by Mother and Daughter doing things together and enjoying each others company to resolve the unconscious rivalry and invisible battling that exists.
What is Intersex?
Someone can be intersex when doctors are unable to determine their biological sex when they are born.
Being intersex also occurs when someone has a mix up of male and female chromosomes and they may develop male genitals but have the oestrogen production of a female. This may lead to someone being confused of their gender and they may attempt to change their sex and become transgender.
What is Gender Schema?
It is a mental building block of knowledge that determines our opinion and view on how we think about gender.
What happened in Perrey and Busey’s study on children and same sex role models?
Aim: To see if children imitate the behaviour of same sex role models.
Method: One group of children watched men and women playing with toys. The men and women didn’t mix and played with each activity with their same sex. The second group of role models played with both sets of toys. The children were then allowed to play with the toys themselves.
Results: The first group were very quick to decide which toys they would play with and they copied the behaviour carried out by their same sex role model. The second group mixed freely with the toys they played with and they all played with every toy.
Conclusion: Children will imitate the behaviour carried out by same sex role models.
Jason thinks all doctors are men, what is this an example of of?
Gender schema
Katarina is a heavy smoker and has tried to give up many times. What kind of therapy should she use to get rid of her smoking addiction?
Aversion therapy
What is the male hormone?
Testosterone
What are the male chromosomes?
XY
What are the female chromosomes?
XX
What is the female hormone?
Oestrogen
