sex and gender Flashcards
what is sex identity ?
it’s a biological term.
a child’s sex can be identified by their hormones and chromosomes. this determines whether the child’s sex identity is male or female
what is gender identity ?
it’s a psychological term.
a child’s gender can be identified by their attitudes and behaviour. this determines whether the child’s gender identity is masculine or feminine
what is the phallic stage ?
freud’s third stage of psychosexual development in which gender development takes place
what is identification ?
to adopt the attitudes and behaviour of the same-sex parent
what is the oedipus complex ?
the conflict experienced by a boy in the phallic stage because he unconsciously desires his mother and is afraid of his father
what is the electra complex ?
the conflict experienced by a girl because she unconsciously desires her father and is afraid of losing her mother’s love
what is gender disturbance ?
not developing the gender identity usually associated with one’s sex
what is meant by ‘modelling’ ?
it’s when a role model provides an example for the child
what is meant by ‘imitation’ ?
copying the behaviour of a model
what is vicarious reinforcement ?
learning from the models being either rewarded or punished
what is meant by gender stereotypes ?
it’s believing that all males are similar and all females are similar
what’s a gender schema ?
it’s a mental building block of knowledge that contains information about each gender
what’s a gender role ?
behaviour seen as masculine of feminine by a particular culture
what does highly gender schematised mean ?
it’s where gender is an important way of thinking about the world so information is organised according to what gender appropriate and what is gender inappropriate
