Sex and gender Flashcards
Gender identity
A child’s gender can be identified by their attitudes and behaviour.
This determines whether the child is gender identity is masculine or feminine.
Gender identity is psychological and can be changed
Psychodynamic theory
We have thoughts and feelings that we are not aware of because they are unconscious.
These thoughts and feelings drive our behaviour
Phallic stage
Freuds third stage of psychosexual development, in which gender development takes place
Identification
To adopt the attitude and behaviour (gender) of the same sex parent
Oedipus complex
The conflict experienced by the boy in the phallic stage because he unconsciously desires his mother and is afraid of his father
Electra complex
The conflict experienced by a girl because she is unconsciously desires her father and is afraid of losing her mother’s love
Gender disturbance
Not developing the gender identity usually associated with one’s sex
Social learning theory
Gender is learnt from watching and copying the behaviour of others
Modelling
A role model provides an example for for the child
Imitation
Copying the behaviour of a role model
Vicarious reinforcement
Learning from the models being either awarded or punished
Media
Means of communication - tv, radio, Internet, newspaper
Schema
A cognitive framework that helps us to organise and interpret information.
we gather knowledge and information from our experiences and they can be added to and changed depending on other experiences
Gender schema
A mental building block of knowledge that contains information about gender.
We have gathered this information from experiences we have had and they can change over time
Often these gender schemas are gender stereotypical due to the nature of your experiences.
Gender stereotypes
Believing all males are similar and all females are similar
