Sex 1 Flashcards
Male sex chromosome has these layouts:
XY, XXY, XYY
Female sex chromosome has these layouts…
XX, XXX, XO (Turner’s syndrome)
In ____, everything in ____ chromosomes are going to be expressed for better or worse.
Male; X
Gonads
Testes and ovaries
Steroids from the gonads
Testosterone, estrogen, progesterone
Testosterone is an example of ____, and it only takes one step to become ____.
Androgen; estrogen
Pituitary outputs two kinds of hormones:
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
In males, LH stimulates ____ to produce ____ (with a negative feedback)
Testes; testosterone
In males, ____ and testosterone stimulates testes to produce ____ (the hormone has a ____ feedback to ____ ____ to decrease its secretion.)
FSH; sperm; (negative; anterior pituitary)
Testosterone levels are high in people who experience a sense of ____ (also works well when there’s ____)
Achievement; feedback
Steroids are all produced from ____ (they’re not only bad for you!)
Cholestrol
Hormone secretion order of the female cycle
FSH —> ovaries —> E-EE-EEE —> LH —> Ovulation/P
High estrogen turns off ____, high progesterone turns off ____
FSH; LH
During ____, there are no estrogen present, which means level of the hormone ____ is raised.
Menopause; FSH
Arm insertion avoids pregnancy by…
Maintaining constant low level of LH to avoid ovulation
The female cycle lasts about ____ weeks in humans
2 weeks
More progesterone will lead to less secretion of ____ (which is automatically ON)
FSH
Female behavioral signals of ovulation in rats are influenced by the surge of hormones ____ and ____, and includes:
Estrogen; Progesterone; Lordosis posture, darting, hopping
During ovulation, female rats actively searches for ____, whom ____ females.
Male; follows
In humans, there is a dissociation between ____ and ____, and we also doesn’t require high levels of ____ for sex.
Sex; fertility; sex
In male rats, ____ is needed for both their sexual drive and sexual behavior, which includes:
Testosterone; Mounting, intromission, ejaculation
____ cycle needs estrogen and progesterone, but there are no hormone requirements for ____ cycle (do give off ____ but not too concerned)
Estrous; menstrual; pheromone
Rats only mate when the male know the female can ____ ____
Get pregnant
In an embryo, a gonad starts out ____, then if there’s the ___ gene on the ____ chromosome, it will develop into ____; if not, it will develop into ____.
Neutral; SRY; Y; Testes; Ovaries
The T surge in embryonic development peaks at the ____ trimester, then decreases to a lower level in the ____ trimester and ____ ____.
Second; third; after birth
