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Geography > Settlements > Flashcards

Settlements Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a settlement?

A

-A village, town or city
-A place where groups of people live
-A place people travel to for work, shopping and leisure facilities

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2
Q

What is a site?

A

It is the actual place where a settlement developed. It described the physical nature of where it is located

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3
Q

What is a situation of a settlement?

A

-It is the description of the settlement in relation to the surrounding features such as other settlements and physical features around it
-It is the most important in determining whether it grows to become a large city or stays as a small town or villagers

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4
Q

What is the function of a settlement?

A

-The function of a settlement relates to its economic and social development and its main activities
-All settlements have a function
-Most settlements are multi-functional
-Most settlements have had a change in function over time

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5
Q

What are the reasons to choose another settlement site?

A

-Access to water
-Land quality
-Defence
-Natural resources

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6
Q

Why does access to water is one of the reasons to choose another settlement site?

A

-They can use the water for domestic purposes such as cleaning, cooking, drinking and if viable for transport and trading purposes

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7
Q

Why does land quality is one of the reasons to choose another settlement site?

A

-swamps and marshes can be unhygienic or unstable for any development.
-Flat land is useful as it is easier to build settlements.
-fertile soil can be used for agriculture

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8
Q

Why does defence is one of the reasons to choose another settlement site?

A

-Settlements can be easier to defend from attacks at a higher location or next to coast

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9
Q

Why does natural resources is the reason to choose another settlement site?

A

-Access to supplies of wood and stone helps in the building and development of the settlement
-Being close to the lake or sea can provide fish as food or export it to other countries

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10
Q

What are the types of settlement patterns?

A

Dispersed settlements
Linear settlements
Nucleated settlements

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11
Q

What does a dispersed settlement look like?

A

-They have no central point
-The building are scattered

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12
Q

What does a linear settlement look like?

A

-clustered either along rivers, creaks or streams. Later along migration routes, railroads and highways

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13
Q

What does a nuclear settlement look like?

A

-Happens on a long crossroads
-River mouths are adjacent to the bays
-Near centers of industry

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14
Q

Why do settlements change over time?

A

-Population growth
-Technology advancement
-Economic progression

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15
Q

How does population growth change settlements?

A

A growing population would require more space and services and have more demands and needs as well.

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16
Q

How does technology advancement change settlements?

A

-The process of invention and innovation into processing that increases productivity

17
Q

How does economic progression change settlements?

A

-An increase in the capability of a society to produce high-valued good and service with usually technology

18
Q

How does settlements change over time?

A

-Increase in size
-Change in infrastructure
-Function

19
Q

How does the settlement size increase over time?

A

-the area of settlement grows from occupying small area to larger areas

20
Q

How does the settlement change in infrastructure?

A

-Better quality used in building of settlement
-Buildings become taller and more sophisticated with proper transport network and communication

21
Q

How does the settlement change in function?

A

-Settlements may change function based on the services they provide

22
Q

What is urban growth?

A

It is the increase in the total number of people living in the towns and cities in a country, a region or the world

23
Q

What is urbanization?

A

When the proportion of the people living in the towns and cities in a country or a region or the world increases

24
Q

What are the push factors to a settlement?

A

Nature of jobs in rural areas
Overpopulation in rural areas
Low standard of medical and education

25
Q

Why are the nature of jobs in a rural area a push factor?

A

-Majority of work is focused on farming due to technology advancement
-Younger generation prefer not to work in farms due to tedious work

26
Q

Why is overpopulation in rural farms a push factors?

A

-High birth rates but lack of available land for farming for future generation
-Younger generations left with small plots of land due to fragmentation
-Farmers may be evicted by farmland owned by big companies landlords when they are unable to pay them

27
Q

Why is low standard of medical and education a push factor?

A

-Government do not invest much in small villages
-Medical and education facilities are not developed
-younger generation move out early to find education in city centers

28
Q

What are all the pull factors?

A

Job opportunities and better paying jobs
Better educational and medical facilities
Modern may of life

29
Q

Why is job opportunities and better paying jobs a pull factor?

A

-There is a greater variety of jobs in the city center
-Jobs generally offer higher salaries than in rural farms
-Young workers are given the opportunity to climb the social ladder as they become more skilled

30
Q

Why are better educational and medical facilities a pull factor?

A

-Government invest in developing educational and medical facilities more
-Young generation from the rural areas and seek education opportunities in urban areas

31
Q

Why is the modern way of life a pull factor?

A

-Cities offer better amenities and basic necessities than rural areas
-The appeal of bright lights of the city
-Rural migrants move in to cities hoping for better living conditions

32
Q

What are all the troubles in the city?

A

Transport problem
Housing problem
Environmental Degradation

33
Q

Why is transport a problem in the city?

A

-Cities doesn’t build transport fast enough to accommodate the increasing number of people
-New immigrants build informal housing near transport lines
-Middle income groups buys cars as their salary increases due to economic growth
-The combined pressure of the increasing number of people and vehicles causes traffic congestion

34
Q

Why is Environmental Degradation a problem in the city?

A

-Slums do not have proper methods of disposing rubbish
-Sanitation facilities are not available in the slums which leads to land and water pollution
-traffic congestion leads to serious air pollution

Geography (5 decks)

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