Settlement Flashcards
What kinds of settlements are there?
Rural and urban
What are urban settlements?
Urban settlements are larger than rural settlements and have more buildings and roads. Most people work in shops, offices and factories.
What are rural settlements?
Rural settlements are places that have few buildings and few roads. Most people work on the land.
What are examples of urban settlements?
Towns and cities.
How are different buildings grouped in urban settlements?
According to their use.
What is a land use zone?
A land use zone is an area that is dedicated for a specific purpose.
How many land use zones are there?
11
What are the different land use zones?
CBD Light industry Low income housing Middle income housing High income housing Heavy industry Shopping centres New housing Recreational areas Poor informal housing Business park and service industries
What are settlements?
Settlements are places where people live.
What are examples of businesses in the CBD?
It has many shops, offices and restaurants. There may be transport centres nearby.
What does CBD stand for?
Central Business District
What are zones for light industry?
They are areas that are used for small industries that do not need heavy machinery.
What are examples of light industries?
Examples are electrical industries, food processing, packaging and clothing industries.
What are zones for heavy industries?
Heavy industries occupy bigger buildings. They use bulky machinery and many resources.
What are residential areas?
These are areas where people live.
Why are there different forms of housing?
People live where they can afford it, based on their income. High income housing has big gardens and grand houses, whereas low-income housing have smaller gardens and are often crowded.
What are residential areas that are far away from the CBD?
They are called suburbs.
What are zones for shopping centres?
These are areas reserved for shopping centres, which are buildings with many shops and service industries in them. They are often near residential areas.
What are zones for services?
They are for businesses that provide a service to their customers.
What is a service?
A service is a job that someone does for someone else.
What are examples of services?
Plumbers, electricians and mechanics are service providers.
What are recreational areas?
These are places where people go to relax, or to perform leisure activities.
What are examples of recreational areas?
Zoos, stadiums, museums sports fields and parks are recreational areas.
How many people live in rural areas?
Four in every ten people live in rural areas
What are examples of rural areas?
Villages and farms
What types of work are done in rural areas?
Farming
Fishing
Mining
Forestry
What is farming?
Farming us when the main occupation is to produce food from the land.
What are mining settlements?
Mining settlements are settlements that developed because of gold, diamonds or iron ore that could be found in rocks nearby.
What are forestry settlements?
Forestry settlements are places that develop near forests, so that the people living there can harvest the wood.
Why do fishing settlement develop?
They develop to allow the people living there to fish in nearby lakes and streams.
How does urbanisation happen?
Urbanisation happens when people travel to towns and cities to live there.
What is the most common type of migration today?
Movement from rural areas to urban areas.
What kinds of reasons for migration are there?
Economic reasons
Social reasons
Political reasons
Environmental reasons
What are economic reasons for migration?
No money or move to find work
What are social reasons for migration?
Better quality of life, more exciting lifestyle or to be close to family members.
What are political reasons for migration?
To move way from war or political problems
What are environmental reasons for migration?
Flooding and other natural disasters
What are examples of heavy industries?
Oil refining, cement factories, and iron and steel industries.
What is a Central Business District?
A CBD is a place near the centre of a city that is used for business.
What are issues associated with urbanisation?
Housing
Health care
Education
Why are services such as health care and education an issue in rapidly urbanised areas?
There is a shortage of facilities and professionals for these services.
What were the main reasons for the urbanisation of South Africa?
The influence of early settlers The discovery of diamonds and gold The formation of the Union of South Africa Apartheid population controls Democracy
How did early settlers influence the urbanisation of South Africa?
They began to build early cities.
How did the discovery of diamonds and gold influence the urbanisation of South Africa?
When diamonds and gold were discovered, it caused people to flock to South Africa, causing rapid urbanisation.
How did democracy influence the urbanisation of South Africa?
The new laws enabled people who had formerly lived in rural areas to move to urban settlements.
What are reasons for informal settlements being developed?
A shortage of houses
Lack of urban planning
Large number of poor migrants
What are pull factors?
They are things that encourage people to live in a certain area.
What are push factors?
Push factors are things that encourage people to leave an area.
What are examples of pull factors of urban areas?
More job opportunities Better safety and security Better services Family members Good education More exciting lifestyle
What are push factors of rural areas?
No work War Political problems Poverty No food Droughts Flooding
