Maps And Globes

Question 1

What is an atlas?

Answer 1

An atlas is a book of maps.

Question 2

What kind of maps are there?

Answer 2

World maps
Street maps
Road maps

Question 3

What are world maps?

Answer 3

World maps show the borders of countries and provinces, as well as landmarks and major cities.

Question 4

What are road maps?

Answer 4

Road maps focus on roads and routes between settlements.

Question 5

What are street maps?

Answer 5

Street maps show specific routes within a settlement. It also shows places like schools and hospitals.

Question 6

What are satellite images used for?

Answer 6

They show us images of the world from space.
They are used to help forecast the weather, to make maps, to show the damage caused by natural disasters and to examine how land is used.

Question 7

What are lines of longitude?

Answer 7

They run from North to South. The main line is the Greenwich Meridian.

Question 8

What are lines of latitude?

Answer 8

They run from East to West. The main line is the Equator.

Question 9

How many hemispheres can we divide the world up into?

Answer 9

Four

Question 10

How would we divide the world into four hemispheres?

Answer 10

We can divide the world into the Western and Eastern hemispheres along the Greenwich Meridian, and into the Northern and Eastern hemispheres along the equator.

Question 11

What are time zones?

Answer 11

Time zones are the different areas around the Earth that have different times, because of the way the sun’s rays hit the Earth.

Question 12

How many degrees of longitude equal an hour of time difference?

Answer 12

15°

Question 13

How many time zones are there?

Answer 13

There are 24 time zones, and 24 hours in a day.

Question 14

In which direction do we lose an hour, and in which direction do we gain an hour?

Answer 14

Time increases to the East, and decreases to the West.

Question 15

What does ELA mean?

Answer 15

East Later Add

Question 16

What does WES mean?

Answer 16

West Earlier Subtract

Question 17

How do we work out the time difference?

Answer 17

Draw a diagram
Work out the difference in longitude
Work out the difference in time
Find out the exact time

Question 18

What is meant by draw the diagram for time calculations?

Answer 18

Draw a diagram to help you figure out where you start from, where you want to be, and to find out whether or not you need to cross the Greenwich Meridian.

Question 19

How do you work out the difference in longitude for time calculations?

Answer 19

If both places are on the same side of the Meridian, then the difference is found by subtracting the two. If they are on opposite sides of the Greenwich Meridian, then you will have to add the two together.

Question 20

How do you work out the difference in time for time calculations?

Answer 20

Divide the difference in latitude by 15° to find how many hours difference there is.

Question 21

How do you find out the exact time in time calculations?

Answer 21

Remember which direction you are going, is it West or East? If it is East add the time difference to your original time. If it is West, subtract the time difference from the original time.

Question 22

Work out the following time calculation:

Johnny is in Paris (10° E), but tomorrow he will be going to New York (75° W). His flight arrives at 14:30 in the Paris time zone. What time will it be in the New York time zone?

Answer 22

Johnny is travelling West. He is crossing over the Greenwich Meridian.
Since the places are on opposite sides of the Greenwich Meridian, we must add the two together: 75°+10°°=85°
85° divided by 15°=5 hours and 36 minutes
New York is West of Paris, so 14:30-5:36
The time will be 8:54 in New York time

Question 23

Work out the following time calculation:

Andrea is in Berlin (25° E), but tomorrow she will be going to Tokyo (90° E). Her flight arrives at 21:50 in the Berlin time zone. What time will it be in the Tokyo time zone?

Answer 23

Andrea is travelling East. She is not crossing over the Greenwich Meridian.
Since the places are on the same side of the Greenwich Meridian, we must subtract the two:
90°-25°=65°
65° divided by 15°= 4 hours and 18 minutes
Tokyo is East of Berlin so 21:50+4:18
The time will be 02:18 the next morning.

Question 24

What is the International Date Line?

Answer 24

It is the line from which all time is taken. Governments have adjusted the time zones to fit their countries to make it more convenient, so the time zones are not completely straight.

Question 25

What is a globe?

Answer 25

A globe is a round model of Earth. It accurately shows smaller versions of the continents in their correct positions.

Question 26

At what angle is the Earth’s axis?

Answer 26

23.5°

Question 29

How does the angle of the Earth’s axis influence the amount of sun that certain hemispheres receive?

Answer 29

Since the Earth is tilted, at some points in the Earth’s revolution around the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets more sun, and the Southern Hemisphere gets less sun, and vice versa. These are called seasons.

Question 30

What are seasons?

Answer 30

When the Northern hemisphere gets more sunlight, it is Summer there. When it gets less sun, it is Winter there. The hemispheres have opposite seasons. Since the equator gets almost equal amounts of sunlight at all times of the year, there is very little seasonal difference there.

Question 31

What is a revolution?

Answer 31

A revolution is the time it takes the Earth to complete its o bit around the sun. One revolution takes 365,25 days.

Question 32

What does Equinox mean?

Answer 32

Equinox means “equal night”.

Question 33

What is an Equinox?

Answer 33

An Equinox is an exact date when day and night are the same number of hours long.

Question 34

When are the Equinoxes?

Answer 34

The equinoxes are on 21 March and 23 September.

Question 35

How do equinoxes work?

Answer 35

The equinoxes are a time when the Earth’s axis tilts neither towards, nor away from the sun.

Question 36

Which seasons are the Equinoxes associated with?

Answer 36

Spring and Autumn

Question 37

What are the solstices?

Answer 37

The solstices are the exact dates where on hemisphere has the most hours of daylight, and the other has the least.

Question 38

When are the solstices?

Answer 38

21 December 21 June

Question 39

How do solstices work?

Answer 39

On 21 December the sun is directly over the Tropic of Capricorn, so the Southern Hemisphere gets the most sunlight. On 21 June the sun is directly over the Tropic of Cancer, so the Northern Hemisphere gets the most sunlight.

Question 40

Which seasons are the solstices associated with?

Answer 40

Summer and Winter.

Question 41

When does the sun reach its highest point in the sky?

Answer 41

It reaches its highest point in the sky at noon. During the summer solstice it is at its highest high point, whereas during the Winter solstice it is at its lowest high point. During the Equinoxes, the angle is exactly in the middle.

Question 42

What is the main reason for different parts of Earth having different temperatures?

Answer 42

The amount of light that the Earth receives from the sun.

Question 54

What is the Earth’s axis?

Answer 54

The Earth’s axis is the imaginary line that passes between the South Pole and the North Pole that the Earth rotates on.

Question 56

How does the Earth rotate?

Answer 56

The Earth rotates from West to East.

Question 58

How does the rotation of the Earth influence day and night?

Answer 58

The Earth is round, the sun’s rays can only shine on one side of the Earth, causing night and day.