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infection and immunity > session2 > Flashcards

session2 Flashcards

1
Q

Beta-lactam antibiotics

A

penicillins and cephalosorins

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2
Q

cephalosporin is —————type of antibiotic?

A

beta lactam

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3
Q

Tetracyclines

A

tetracycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, lymecycline, doxycycline and minocycline. Tigelcycline

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4
Q

Rifamycins (Ansamycin)

A

Rifampin , rifadin , rifabutin, and rifapentine

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5
Q

a group of structurally similar macrocyclic antibiotics, which are firstline oral agents for tuberculosis.?

A

rafimycins

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6
Q

The aminoglycosides

A

streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin

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7
Q

what the type of gemtomysin

A

it is aminoglycosides

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8
Q

chemical structure of the macrolids contain

A

macrocyclic lacton ring

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9
Q

Macrolides

A

erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin

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10
Q

Cyclic lipopeptide

A

bacitracin, polymyxin and Daptomycin

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11
Q

bacitracin is one of the important antibiotics which type of antibiotc is belong —?

A

cyclic lipopeptide

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12
Q

Amphenicols (Phenicols) exmple?

A

chloramphenicol

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13
Q

lincomycin belong to —–group of antibiotics

A

Lincsamides

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14
Q

lincsamide contain

A

clindamycin, pirlimycin, linsamides

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15
Q

Quinolones (fluoroquinolones

A

ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin

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16
Q

Glycopeptides ?

A

Vancomycin and teicoplanin

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17
Q

Fosmycins are used mainly for ?

A

UTI

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18
Q

the treatment of urinary tract infections in patients who have allergies and/or intolerance to sulfonamides and β lactams.

A

Nitrofurans

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19
Q

tetracycline, chloramphenicol) ARE bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic

A

they are bacteriostatic

20
Q

chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic for ——-and bateriacidal for ———

A

gram-negative , the pnemococci

21
Q

exmple
broad specrum antibiotics
narrow spectrum antibiotic

A

tetracycline—broad-spectrum–use for gram-negative and atypical bacteria

vancomycin—–use for the gram positive cocci –namely streptococci and the enterobacteria–it is a narrow antibacterial agent

22
Q

the feature of the antibiotics

A

-selelctive toxocity
-reach to the site of action
-admistrition of the antibiotcs
-the long half life
-low or few advese effects
not interfece with other drugs

23
Q

Penicillin USE AGANIST —-

A

mainly active against streptococci

24
Q

Amoxicillin

A

streptococci and gram negative bacteria

25
Q

Flucloxacillin

A

Active against staphylococci and

Streptococci

26
Q

give exmaples on the pencilins

A 
Penicillin: 
• Amoxicillin:
• Flucloxacillin:
• Β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: Co-amoxiclavoran
– Piperacillin/tazobactam
27
Q

Cephalosporins use aginst

A

broad-spectrum but no anaerobe

activity

28
Q

drug belong to cephalosporin has good activity in the

CSF?

A

Ceftriaxone

29
Q

Carbapenems define

A

Carbapenems are synthetic β-lactam antibiotics that differ in structure from the penicillins

30
Q

carbipenems examples

A

 Imipenem, meropenem, doripenem, and ertapenem

31
Q

spectrum \ carbapenem

A

Very broad spectrum (including anaerobes)
– Active against most (not all) Gram negative
– Generally safe in penicillin allergy

32
Q

Vancomycin belong to

A

glycopeptide antibiotics use aganst the broad specturm specially aganist the multiple resistance bacteria

33
Q

antibiotic - associated colitis caused by Clostridium difficile or staphylococci which the best treatment for the patient

A

vancomysin

34
Q

spectrum of vancomysin

A

Active against most Gram positive (not G. negatives)

– Some enterococci resistant (VRE

35
Q

Tetracycline

A

Broad-spectrum but specific use in penicillin
allergy, usually for Gram positive

it is alos active aganist the atypical pathogens of the

36
Q

the antibioitc group are nephrotoxic

A

aminoglycoside

37
Q

spectrum of the aminoglycoside

A

the negative gram bacteria’

38
Q

main uses = aminoglycoside

A

severe sepsis

39
Q

examples on Macrolides

A

erythromycin (& clarithromycin)

40
Q

macroilids uses

A

• Alternative to penicillin for mild Gram positive
infections
Also active against atypical respiratory
Pathogens

41
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

it is belong to quinolone that inhibit the DNA gyrase

42
Q

spectrum of the cripoflaxon

A

Very active against Gram negatives

• Also active against atypical pathogens

43
Q

Metronidazole

A 
Active against anaerobic bacteria
– Also active against protozoa:
– Amoebae (dysentery & systemic)
– Giardia (diarrhoea)
– Trichomonas (vaginitis
44
Q

Aciclovir is antiviral use aganist

A

Herpes simplex – genital herpes, encephalitis

– Varicella zoster – chicken pox & shingles

45
Q

Oseltamivir

A

Influenza A & B

46
Q

examples of the b-lactmase inh8bitprs

A

clavulanic acid and aublbacetam and tazobactan

infection and immunity (4 decks)

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