Session 8 - Infection Prevention Flashcards
1
Q
What is Endemic Disease?
A
The usual background rate of the disease in a population
2
Q
Define Epidemic
A
A rate of infection greater than the usual background rate
3
Q
Define Pandemic
A
Very high rate of infection spreading across many regions, countries and continents
4
Q
How can we reduce infection spread in terms of the pathogen and vectors?
A
- Eradicate pathogen (antibacterials, decontamination, sterilisation)
- Eradicate Vector (eliminate vector breeding sites)
5
Q
How can we reduce infection spread in terms of the patients themselves?
A
- Improve health: medical treatment and nutrition
- Immunity: Passive or active
6
Q
How can we reduce infection spread in terms of our practice?
A
- avoid pathogen (geographically for example)
- Protective clothing
- Behaviours: safe sex, safe disposal of sharps, food+drink preparation
7
Q
How can we reduce infection spread in terms of place?
A
- Safe water
- Safe air
- Good quality housing
- Well designed facilities
8
Q
What is pan-drug resistance?
A
Non-susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial categories
9
Q
Give some consequences of antibiotic resistance
A
- treatment failure
- prophylaxis failure
- economic costs
10
Q
What are the main objectives of antibiotic stewardship?
A
- appropriate use of antibiotics
- but still with optimal clinical outcomes
- minimise toxicity + other adverse events
- Decrease cost of health care for infections
- limit resistance
