Session 1 - Introduction To Infection And Microbes Flashcards
Define an Infection
Invasion of a host’s tissue by micro-organisms
What three things cause the disease following an infection?
- Microbial multiplication
- Toxins
- Host Response
What is the name for the micro-organisms which live on/in us that are harmless usually?
And how could these cause an infection?
Microbiota (or Commensals)
If these usually harmless bacteria transfer to a different region of the body they may now become harmless
Give an example of a Microbiota causing an infection.
Streptococcus pneumonia is harmless when in the throat but in the alveoli will cause pneumonia
What is vertical transmission of infections?
The passing of an infection from mother to child either pre of post birth
Give the three main sub-divisions of Horizontal transmission.
Contact, inhalation and Ingestion
Give the five steps in which infections cause disease.
Exposure -> Adherence -> Invasion -> Multiplcation -> Dissemination
Name some supportive investigations you would do to confirm an infection.
- Full Blood Count
- C reactive protein
- Blood Chemistry (Liver and Kidney function tests)
- Imaging (X-Ray, Ultrasound, MRI)
- Histopathology
Give an example of a Single Stranded DNA, Non-enveloped Virus.
Parovirus 19
Give an example of a Double stranded DNA, Non-enveloped Virus.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Give an example of a Double Stranded DNA , enveloped Virus.
Hepatitis B
Give an example of a Single positively stranded, icosahedral, non-enveloped RNA virus.
Hepatitis A + E
Give an example of a Single positively stranded RNA, Icosahedral or helical, enveloped virus.
HIV
Give an example of a single negatively stranded RNA, helical, enveloped virus.
Ebola
Give an example of a Double stranded RNA, icosahedral, non-enveloped virus.
Rotavirus
