Session 8 Flashcards
Is there is link between socioeconomic status and death rate?
Yes. The less wealthy are more likely to suffer from poorer health and die earlier than those who are more weathly
According to Clark & Seymour, what are the 3 main patterns of dying?
Gradual death (Slow decline in health) Catastrophic death (Sudden event) Premature death (Children or young adults in accidents or illness)
According to Kubler-Ross, what is the 5 stage grief model people experience when adjusting to the idea of death?
1) Denial
2) Anger
3) Bargaining
4) Depression
5) Acceptance
What is important to remember about the 5 stage grief model?
People can go through the 5 stages in any order and some may not move through the stages (eg may be at one stage the whole time or never pass through all stages)
What is important to remember about patients who are in denial?
They may put up barriers to care.
Define Grief
Set of physiological and psychological reactions to bereavement
Define Mourning
The process of adapting to loss
What is bereavement associated with?
Increased risk of illness and mortality (Particularly older people who lose their spouse)
What are some of the symptoms of bereavement?
Physical - Shortness of breath, fatigue, reduced immune function
Behavioural - Insomnia, crying, social withdrawal
Emotional - Depressed, anxiety, anger, guilt
Cognitive - Lack of concentration
According to Shedon, what are the risk factors for a poor outcome of bereavement?
Prior bereavements Mental health issues Type of loss eg child Lack of social support Stress from other crisis eg money
According to Parkes & Weiss, what are the factors that lead to complications in the grief process?
Expression of grief discouraged (Staying strong for others around you)
Ending of grief discouraged (Guilt for getting over it)
What are the aims of Palliative care?
Improve quality of life
Manage emotional and physical symptoms
Give patients more control
What is the aim of the Liverpool care pathway?
It attempts to bring palliative care into hospitals to decrease physiological distress
Why are hospices better than hospitals for end of life treatment?
There is a better staff to patient ratio
What is the sexual response cycle?
Desire (Thoughts/feelings) –> Arousal (Self appraisal, physical indicators) –> Orgasm (Pelvic floor contractions at peak arousal)
Define Sexual dysfunction
Disturbance in sexual desire and in psychophysiological changes that characterise the sexual response cycle causing marked distress
What 3 characteristics should a sexual disorder have?
Disruption in phase
Distress
Disturbance in relationship
Define Dyspareunia
Painful sex
Define Vaginismus
Involuntary spasms. Hard to have penetration
What are the 2 types of Vaginismus?
Primary - Has been present before sex
Secondary - Developed after child birth of operations
What are some of the main components of psycosexual therapy?
Educative counselling (Individual/Couple)
Modification of attitudes/beliefs
Desensitisation programmes
Specific directions for sexual behaviour
What are some of the treatments for males with sexual dysfunction?
Oral therapy eg viagra
Local therapy eg SSRIs
Self injection therapy
Mechanical therapy
What are some of the treatments for females with sexual dysfunction?
Lubruicants eg SILKs
Hormones
Zestra gel (Applied to clitoris)
Clitoral therapy device (Increases blood flow)
