Session 6

Question 1

Who developed the attachment theory of children?

Answer 1

Bowlby (Influenced by Harlow’s work from the 50s/60s)

Question 2

Who developed the Strange situation test?

Answer 2

Ainsworth

Question 3

What are the different attachment styles?

Answer 3

Secure

Insecure - Avoidant, Ambivalent, Disorganised

Question 4

What did Bowlby describe as the stages of effects of Separation?

Answer 4

Protest
Dispair
Detatchment

Question 5

What are the criticisms of Bowlby’s attachment theory?

Answer 5

Too simplistic
Marginalises Fathers
Quality of substitute care not considered
Multiple attachments may be formed

Question 6

What is the Childhood Cognitive developement theory?

Answer 6

Piaget’s theory

Child’s mind develops through 4 different stages

Question 7

What are the 4 stages in Piaget’s theory of Cognitive development in children?

Answer 7

Sensorimotor (0-2)
Preoperation (2-7)
Concrete operational (7-12)
Formal operational (12+)

Question 8

What is the Sensorimotor stage in Piaget’s theory?

Answer 8

Experience world though senses
Develop motor co-ordination
No abstract concepts
Develop body schema (awareness of where they ‘end’ and the world starts)
Develop understand permanence around 8 months (understand continuing existence of objects even when they are out of sight)

Question 9

What is the Preoperational stage in Piaget’s theory?

Answer 9

Language development, symbolic thought, able to imagine things
Egocentricism (difficulty seeing things from other’s point of view, believe everyone experiences the world the way they do)
Lack concept of conservation
Classification by single feature

Question 10

What is the Concrete operational stage in Piaget’s theory?

Answer 10

Think logically but concrete rather than abstract
Achieve conservation of number, mass, and weight
Classification by multiple features
Able to see things from others’ perspectives

Question 11

What is the Formal operational stage in Piaget’s theory?

Answer 11

Abstract logic

Hypothetic-deductive reasoning

Question 12

What are the criticisms of Piaget’s theory?

Answer 12

Focuses on what the child cannot do

Question 13

What is Vygotsky’s theory of social development?

Answer 13

Cognitive development requires social interaction

Child as an ‘apprentice’ - learns through shared problem solving

Question 14

How do these theories effect good practice?

Answer 14

They remind clinicians that they need to assess each child’s cognitive ability separately and not assume the same for all