Session 6- Jaundice

Question 1

what is jaundice

Answer 1

a clinical sign where you have yellow sclera/ skin

Question 2

what does the spleen break heam into

Answer 2

globin which is used to draw out amino acids

haem- converted to biliverdin -> bilirubin

Question 3

where is bilirubin conjugated

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

how is bilirubin excreted once it is conjugated

Answer 4

duodenum- stercobilin (pigmented part of faeces)

kidney- urobilinogen- urinary system -> urine

Question 5

what causes pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 5

haemolysis

haemoglobinopathis

Question 6

what is pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 6

• too much haem

- increased bilirubin usually unconjugated as the liver cant conjugate all of it theres too much

Question 7

what is hepatic jaundice

Answer 7

reduced hepatocyte function but some are still working therefore we have some conjugated and some unconjugated bilirubin

Question 8

causes of hepatic jaundice

Answer 8

chronic liver damage

acute liver damage

Question 9

what causes post hepatic jandice

Answer 9

obstruction to the bile duct

• gall stones
• pancreatic carcinoma (head of pancreas)
• biliary stricture

Question 10

how does post-hepatic jaundice present and why

Answer 10

pale stool and dark urine. The bilirubin cant be excreted in stool due to the blockage so it is excreted in urine