Session 5-Hospital Acquired Infection Flashcards
What are healthcare infections?
Infections arising as a consequence of providing healthcare
What is the prevalence of healthcare infections?
8% of in-patients
What are the types of health care associated infections?
- UTI
- pneumonia
- surgical wound infections
- skin and soft tissue
- primary bloodstream
- GI
Which factors can increase the risk of a patient acquiring a health care associated infection?
- extremes of age
- obesity/malnourished
- diabetes
- cancer
- immunosuppression
- smoking
- surgical patient
- emergency admission
What are the 4 Ps of infection prevention and control?
1) patient: interactions with others
2) pathogen: virulence factors, ecological interactions
3) place: healthcare environment
4) practice: organisation, policies and implementation etc
What are some general patient interventions?
- optimise patient’s condition
- antimicrobial prophylaxis
- skin prep
- hand hygiene
What are some specific patient interventions?
- MRSA screens
- mupirocin nasal ointment
- disinfectant body wash
How can patient to patient transmission be prevented?
- isolation of infected patients
- protection of susceptible patients
What are some healthcare worker interventions?
- healthy: disease free, vaccinated
- good practice: hand hygiene, PPE, good clinical techniques
What are some environmental interventions associated with medical devices?
- single use equipment
- sterilisation
- decontamination
What does “I-fiving” a patient mean?
- Identity (abroad, blood borne infections etc)
- Isolate
- Investigate
- Inform
- Initiate
