Session 5 - Chronic illness Flashcards
What does the sociological research of LTCs focus on?
-How LTCs impact on social interaction and role performance
What is an illness narrative?
-Patient’s story and account of their LTC which they use to make sense of it
What are the 5 concepts relating to sociological theory
- Illness work
- Everyday life work
- Emotional work
- Biographical work
- Identity work
What is illness work in sociological theory of LTCs?
- The concept of getting a diagnosis of a chronic illness and the associated feelings which come with waiting and receiving eg shock, relief
- Also refers to body illness and involves managing the symptoms of illness via coping with the physical symptoms before the social
What is fveryday life work in sociological theory of LTCs?
-The concept of coping and strategic management of daily life including the cognitive processes in dealing with illness as well as actions
What is normalisation in chronic illness?
-The redesignation of new life as ‘normal life’
What is emotional work in sociological theory of LTCs? What roles and relationships can be effected by emotional work?
- The part of chronic illness which involves working to protect emotional well-being of others by aiming to maintain normal attitude and activities
- Friendships can be disrupted as patient may strategically withdraw from groups -> cannot downplay symptoms to appear cheery self any more
- Impact on role can be devastating, especially if involves dependancy
What is biographical work in sociological theory of LTCs
- The part of chronic illness which refers to loss of self as former identity disappears without the development of an equally valued new one
- Reconstruction of biography and a taken-for-granted life feeling
What is identity work in sociological theory of LTCs?
-Part of chronic illness which refers to how people see themselves and how other see them as illness can become defining aspect of their life
Which area of sociological illness does self management fall under?
-Illness work
Why is optimum self management difficult to achieve in long term illness?
- Adherence to LT treatment
- Reduced quality of life
- poor psychological well being
Give 2 examples of interventions which aim to help with self-management of longterm diseases
- DESMOND -> diabetes education and Self Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed
- Expert-Patient Programme -> focusses on coping and condition management to reduce hospital admissions and increase responsibility for own health
Which section of sociological theory does stigma fall under?
-Identity work
What is stigma?
-Negatively defined condition, attitude, trait or behaviour conferring deviant status
What is discreditable stigma?
-Stigma which occurs when the disease is found out but it is not seen
What is discredited stigma?
-Stigma is caused by the physical characteristics of disease
What is enacted stigma?
-The real experience of predjudice when stigma is acted upon
What is felt stigma?
-The fear of enacted stigma and feeling as though stigma is present even though it might not be
Describe the medical concept of disability
-Deviation from the medical norms with disadvantage as a direct consequence. Requires medical intervention
Describe the social concept of disability
-Problems are a product of environment and failure of environment to adjust - social oppression produced by government and society
Describe some critiques of the medical model of disability
- Lack of recognition of social and psychological factors
- Uses stereotyping and stigmatizing language
Describe some critiques of social model
- Body is left out
- Overly drawn view of society
- Failure to recognise body realities and the extent to which they are solvable socially
According to the international classification of impairment, disabilities and handicaps, what is impairment?
-Impairment is the abnormality in structure or function of body
According to the international classification of impairment, disabilities and handicaps, what is disability?
-Disabilty refers to the performance of activity
According to the international classification of impairment, disabilities and handicaps, what is handicap?
-Social and psychological consequences of impairment and disability
What are the limitations of the IC of impairment, disability or handicaps?
- Problematic use of word handicap
- Implies problems are intrisic and inevitable
What is the IC of function, disability and health?
- WHO national standard which attempts to integrate the medical and social concept of disability
- Involves body structure and functions, activities, participation in life and personal and environmental factors
