Session 4: Arterial Blood Supply to the Brain Flashcards
Blood supply of the brain can be divided into two circulations.
Which?
Anterior blood supply
Posterior blood supply
What does the anterior blood supply of the brain arise from?
The internal carotid artery
What does the posterior blood supply of the brain arise from?
The vertebral arteries
What are the two main branches of the IC supplying the brain?
Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
Explain the route of the anterior cerebral artery.
The anterior cerebral artery is a branch of the IC.
Both of the anterior cerebral arteries will then converge (they will not form one artery) and anastomose via the anterior communicating artery.
It will then loop over the corpus callosum and send branches (cortical branches) to the adjacent cortex.
What will the anterior cerebral artery supply?
Corpus callosum itself
Medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes.
Explain the route of the middle cerebral artery.
A direct continuation of the IC.
As it travels laterally it will give off branches called lenticulo arteries.
It will continue and cortical branches will emerge from the lateral fissure.
What will the middle cerebral artery supply?
Deep grey matter, lentiform nucleus, caudate nucleus and internal capsule (lenticulo arteries)
Lateral parts of, frontal, parietal and superior temporal lobes.
Also occipital pole of occipital lobe. The relevance here is that the macula is supplied by the middle cerebral artery.
Explain the route of the posterior supply of the brain.
Vertebral arteries converge and form one basilar artery.
Basilar artery will give off branches in the following:
Antero-inferior cerebellar arteries
Pontine arteries
Superior cerebellar arteries
Posterior cerebral arteries
Direct branches of verterbral artery.
Anterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries.
Anterior inferior cerebellar arteries supply:
Antero-inferior aspect of cerebellum
Lateral pons
Pontines arteries supply:
Pons
Superior cerebellar arteries supply:
Superior aspect of cerebellum
Midbrain
Posterior cerebral arteries supply:
Occipital lobes
Inferior temporal lobes
Thalamus
Midbrain
Purpose of posterior communicating artery.
Connect the posterior circulation to the anterior.
Anterior spinal artery supplies:
Anterior 2/3 of spinal cord
Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries supply:
Postero-inferior aspect of cerebellum
What gives rise to the posterior communicating arteries?
The internal carotid
What does the circle of willis consist of?
The Posterior communicating arteries
The Anterior cerebral arteries
The anterior communicating arteries
The Internal carotid arteries
The Posterior cerebral arteries
What can be found in the circle of willis?
The pituitary gland
What do the lenticulostriate arteries supply?
Internal capsule
Basal ganglia
Most common artery in the anterior circulation to have a stroke of.
Middle cerebral artery
Which artery is occluded in paralysis of lower limb?
Anterior cerebral artery
Which artery is occluded in paralysis of upper limb or face?
Middle cerebral artery
