session 2

Question 1

what is the epithelium from nasal cavity to largest bronchioles

Answer 1

pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, with goblet cells

Question 2

epithelium in terminal bronchioles

Answer 2

simple columnar epithelium with cilia and club cells but no goblet cells

Question 3

epithelium in respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts

Answer 3

simple cuboidal epithelium with sparse cilia and club cells

Question 4

epithelium in alveloi

Answer 4

simple squamous and type 1 cells

Question 5

structure of trachea inside to out

Answer 5

lumen, mucous membrane, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, submucosa, hyaline cartilage, adventitia

Question 6

what is secreted from epithelium and mucosal glands

Answer 6

mucins, water, serum proteins, lysozyme, antiproteases, immunoglobulins

Question 7

difference in histology between secondary bronchi and primary

Answer 7

secondary- cartilage are irregular crescent plates/islands

primary- cartilage arranged as rings

Question 8

compare structure of bronchus and bronchoile

Answer 8

bronchus has small islands of cartilage and glands in submucosa. bronchoiles have no cartilage or glands

Question 9

role of club cells

Answer 9

secrete surfactant lipoprotien which prevents walls sticking together during expiration

Question 10

what 3 cells are in the alveolus and what are their roles

Answer 10

type 2 alveolar cell- surfactant

type 1 alveolar- permits gas exchange

macrophages- phagocytose microbes and dust

Question 11

what organisms commonly cause pneumonia

Answer 11

streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, legionella pneumophilia, mycoplasma pneumoniae