Session 11

Question 1

What is the function of the arches of the foot?

Answer 1

Act as a spring facilitating walking and running

Question 2

What are the arches of the foot and what forms them?

Answer 2

Medial longitudinal
Lateral longitudinal
Transverse
Supported by muscles, ligaments, bones and plantar aponeurosis

Question 3

What is Pes caves and Pes planus and what issues arise from them?

Answer 3

Pes Cavus - High medial longitudinal arch. Increased stress on ball and heel of foot.
Pes planus - no longitudinal arches. Can result in pain.

Question 4

What are the stages of the gait cycle?

Answer 4

Stance phase (60%) - heel strike, support (quads keep leg extended, foot in/everters stabilise foot and abductors keep pelvis level) and toe off phases
Swing phase (40%) - leg lift and swing phases

Question 5

What is the name of the gait that results from pain on weight Bearing?

Answer 5

Antalgic gait - shortened stance phase (limp)

Question 6

What are the ligaments of the ankle joint?

Answer 6

Medial - ligaments from medial malleolus to navicular, talus (ant. & post.) and calcaneus.
Lateral - ligaments from lateral malleolus to talus (ant. & post.) and calcaneus