SESSION 01: Introduction and Evolution of IoT

Question 1

What is IOT?

Answer 1

Internet of Things.

A network of physical devices, items (such as vehicles and home appliances) embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity.

Question 2

What are the key characteristics of IOT systems?

Answer 2

1. Connectivity
2. Scalability
3. Identity of Things
4. Sensors and Actuators
5. Data collection and Analytics.
6. Intelligence
7. Security
8. Heterogeneity
9. Intergration

Question 3

Examples of everyday IOT applications?

Answer 3

1. Smart Home
   
   • Smart lightning
   • Smart appliance
   • Smart locks and
     security system
   • Smart speakers and
     entertainment
     systems
2. Personal Wellness
   
   • Wearable fitness
     trackers
   • Smartwatches
   • Smart health
     monitors
   • Smart health
     monitors
3. Connected transportation
   • Smart cars
   • Connected bikes or
     scooter
   • Smart traffic
     management system
4. Other everyday application
   • Smart retail
   • Smart agriculture
   • Smart cities
   • Wearable payments

Question 4

How IoT is shaping different aspects of our lives?

(What are the Impact of IOT on different sectors?)

Answer 4

1. Smart Homes
   
   • Convenience and Comfort
   • Enhanced Security
   • Remote Control and Monitoring
2. Smart Cities
   
   • Traffic Management
   • Resource management
   • Public safety
3. Healthcare
   
   • Remote patient monitoring
   • Improved treatment and care
   • Telemedicine
4. Retail
   
   • Inventory management
   • Personalized shopping experience
   • Enhances loss prevention
5. Manufacturing
   
   • Smart factories
   • Improved quality control
   • Supply chain optimization
6. Agriculture
   
   • Precision farming
   • Remote field monitoring
   • Livestock Management
7. Transportation and Logistics
   
   • Connected vehicles
   • Fleet management
   • Predictive maintenance
8. Energy and Utility
   
   • Smart Grids
   • Automated Metering Infrastructure
   • Leak detection and prevention
9. Environmental Monitoring
   
   • Air quality monitoring
   • Climate change monitoring
   • Natural disaster management

Question 5

What are the applications of IOT?

Answer 5

1. Better Entreprises solutions.
2. Smarter homes.
3. Innovating agriculture
4. Smarter cities
5. Upgrading supply chain management
6. Transforming healthcare

Question 6

What are the factors that led to the emergence of IOT?

Answer 6

1. Miniaturization of Sensor technology
2. Increased network connectivity
3. Cloud computing and data analytics
4. Increased processing power
5. Demand for Automation and Efficiency
6. Reduced cost of Device and Services
7. Increased security awareness
8. Growing focus on Interoperability and Standardization

Question 7

M2M communication vs Ubiquitous IOT?

Answer 7

M2M communication:

1. Direct communication between machines, usually in closed networks.
2. Focuses on specific tasks with fewer devices involved, used in areas like industrial automation.
3. Typically, pre-programmed or rule-based, with intelligence in a central controller or within devices.
4. Limited user interaction; mostly for setup or trouble shooting
5. Foundation of IoT, like two machines talking to each other.

Ubiquitous IoT:

1. Expands M2M to a large, interconnected ecosystem including cloud platforms and UIs
2. Involves many devices across various sectors, creating an intelligent environment.
3. Devices are smarter, can analyze data, make decisions, and act autonomously, using edge computing or the cloud.
4. Includes user interfaces for monitoring, control, and personalization.
5. Builds on M2M but aims for a fully connected world, like a bustling, connected city.

Question 8

What are the Drivers of IOT Adaptation?

Answer 8

1. Increased Efficiency and Automation
2. Enhanced Data-driven and Decision making
3. Improved convenience and comfort
4. Reduced costs of technology
5. Growing demand for Sustainability:
   IoT supports sustainability through resource optimization.
6. Innovation and new business models:
   IoT enable new business models and innovation.

Question 9

What are the challenges of IoT adoption?

Answer 9

1. Security concerns
2. Data privacy and Ownership
3. Interoperability and standardization
4. Technical Expertise
5. Scalability
6. Cost considerations