Serous Fluids Flashcards
both ultrafiltrate of plasma
serous and serum
thin layers of loose connective tissue covered by a layer of mesothelium which lines serous cavities such as the heart or the lungs
serous membrane
fills the space between the visceral and parietal portion
serous fluid
the membrane lining the thoracic cavity giving rise to pleural fluid
pleura
lines the cavity of the heart producing pericardial fluid
pericardium
serous membrane lining the abdominal activity and covering the abdominal organs as well
peritonium
the procedure for obtaining serous fluids
paracentesis
accumulation of fluids in a cavity
effusion
pericardium location
heart
serous fluid is formed by the
parietal membrane
serous fluid is absorbed by the
visceral membrane
formation of serous fluid is by
ultrafiltrate plasma
the process of the serous fluids depends on what pressure in the capillaries?
hydrostatic pressure
the process of the serous fluids depends on what pressure in the plasma?
oncotic pressure
why does fluid accumulate in body activities ?
it may result from a disruption in the balance of oncotic and hydrostatic pressure
normal color of serous fluid
pale yellow (normally resembles serum)
abnormal serous fluid
sanguineous specimens
what is sanguineous?
blood present
normal clarity of serous fluid
clear
abnormal clarity of serous fluid
purulent ( there is a pus), milky, golden green, clotted
normal pH of serous fluid
7.3 or higher
why does sanguineous specimen occur
may indicate a hemorrhage
why does pus occurs in serous fluids
presence of white blood cells
why does serous fluid turn milky
may contain chyle
why does the serous fluid turns golden-green?
presence of cholesterol crystals
increased in peritoneal fluid when the small intestine is perforated
alkaline phosphatase
perforated means
hole
higher in peritoneal fluid than serum in cases of bowel strangulation
ammonia
increased in bowel necrosis
ammonia and amylase
tissue/cell death
bowel necrosis
increased in esophageal perforation
amylase
decreased pH
esophageal ruptures
what does decreased pH in serous fluid?
acidic
less than that of serum when a bacterial infection is present
chloride
higher in chylous effusions
triglycerides
higher in pseudochylous effusions
cholesterol
not normally seen in body fluids
rbc’s
when rbc is present in body fluid, what does it mean?
hemorrhage or traumatic specimen collection
normally present in low numbers with mononuclear cells preedominating
wbc
present in the body fluids due to normal sloughing of cells
mesothelial cells
tissue monocytes
histiocytes
effusion from patients with neoplasms may contain what?
malignant cells
malignant cells commonly occur in what?
clumps
most common bacteria in pleural effusion
Staph aureus and Mycoplasma tuberculosis
most common bacteria in pericardial effusion
Hemophilus influenzae and M. tuberculosis
most common bacteria in peritoneal effusion
Escherichia coli and Pneumococci
occurs during various systemic disorders that disrupt fluid filtration and reabsorption
transudate effusions
occurs during inflammatory processes that result in damage to blood vessel walls
exudate effusions
an effusion that contains an emulsion of lymph and chylomicrons
chylous effusions
chronic effusions present in disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis
pseudochylous effusions
accumulation of fluid around the heart
pericardial fluid
normal value of pericardial fluid
less than 50ml
normal color and clarity of pericardial fluid
pale yellow, clear
pericardial effusions are all caused by damage to the?
mesothelium
the procedure for removing excess and dangerous and therefore rarely performed
pericardiocentesis
occurs when fluid accumulates around the lungs
pleural fluid
normal volume of pleural fluid
less than 30ml
normal color of and clarity of pleural fluid
pale yellow, clear
procedure for removing excess pleural fluid
thoracentesis
accumulation of peritoneal fluid, also called the ascites
peritoneal fluid
normal color of peritoneal fluid
pale yellow
procedure for removing excess peritoneal fluid
paracentesis
is used when the patient has a blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma
peritoneal lavage
