Serceretions And Management 2 Flashcards
What techniques can be used to remove excess secretions
Adjuncts, suctioning, ACBT, autogenic drainage, hydration, positioning, mobilisation, manual techniques,
What is the general principle of techniques to remove excess secretions
Enhance mucocilliary clearance and mucus transport, mobilise secretions towards mouth to aid expectoration, prevent energy expenditure, ensure adequate oxygen,
What to consider when choosing airway clearance technique
Acuity of patients condition, excessive or retained secretions, effects of principle, patient preference, hydration, indications and contraindications, how will you measure effectiveness
What’s breathing control
Diaphragmatic relaxed breathing, using little effort, comfortable and symmetrical position, breathe in gently through nose, avoid breath holding and relax shoulder girdle, observation and palpation the abdomen
What are thoracic expansion exercises
TEE, take long slow deep breathe in through nose, keep chest and shoulders relaxed, end inspiration ho,d and sniff breathe out gently like a sigh, repeate 3/4 times, increases lung volume further
What’s huffing
Forced exhalation through open mouth
How does huffing help secretions
Mobilisés sputum up the airways toward mouth in a controlled way, uses abdominal muscles to facilitate expiratory air flow
Why should huffing be followed by breathing control
So it doesn’t cause wheezing or tightness in the chest, starts from low lung volume but when secretions move, proximal huffs taken from higher lung volume
How does huffing work
Forced expiration manoeuvres cause dynamic compression and collapse of airways, during huff pleural pressure becomes positive and equal to airways pressure at EPP, from this EPP to the mouth the pressure outside the airway is greater than that within the airway, this creates narrowing which moves progressively towards the mouth
What’s the EPP location
Location of EPP depends on lung volume at start of the huff, EPP occurs nearer to mouth at high lung volumes and further at low lung volumes, huffing at low lung volumes assists secretions from peripheral areas, huffing at high lung volumes moves secretions from proximal airways nearer to the mouth
What’s the ACBT
putting it together to suit patients needs, flexible technique and hands on
What are the factors in ACBT
breathing control, TEE, breathing control, huff
How does pursed lip breathing help
Creates back pressure which prevents collapse
What are respiratory adjuncts
A device which aids our other hands on treatments, for,s part of a holistic treatment approach to aid achieving outcomes and goals In order to improve patients well being and quality of life
How do adjuncts aid secretion removal
All but one involve application of positive pressure at mouth and breathing out against resistance, they are though to stabilise airways, prevent premature airway closure , reduce gas trapping, homogenise distribution of ventilation, can be less tiring then ACBT
