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History - Germany > September To October 1918 > Flashcards

September To October 1918 Flashcards

1
Q

Who knew from September that Germany was on the brink of losing the war?

A

Lundendorff

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2
Q

The forces on which front retreated to Berlin?

A

Western front

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3
Q

Who was negotiating peace terms?

A

Allies

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4
Q

Who asked allies for an armistice?

A

Lundendorff

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5
Q

What is an armistice?

A

Temporary ceasefire

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6
Q

Who made the 14 point plan?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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7
Q

What were some of the terms of the 14 point plan?

A

Return Alsace Lorrain to France
Establish League of Nations
Self determination (democracy)
General disarmament

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8
Q

What was the most important part of the 14 point plan?

A

Self determination

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9
Q

Why wouldn’t Germany fully agree with the 14 point plan?

A

Kaiser in power, autocratic political system

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10
Q

What did lundendorff agree to in terms of the 14 point plan?

A

Partial democratisation

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11
Q

What was the nickname of the October reforms?

A

Revolution from above

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12
Q

Who was made chancellor (political ruler)?

A

Prince Max of Baden

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13
Q

What was chancellor responsible for?

A

Reichstag

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14
Q

What controlled the armed forces?

A

A civil government

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15
Q

Why were the October reforms called a revolution from above?

A

They were done by the elites, not by the public or the government

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16
Q

Who was still in power which was not according to Wilson’s plan?

A

The kaiser

17
Q

Why were the October reforms important?

A

They were a major political transformation

18
Q

Who was the peace note between?

A

Max of Baden to Woodrow Wilson

19
Q

What was said in the peace note?

A

Mentioned all the changed happening to Germanys political system, and asked for an armistice

20
Q

When was the peace note sent?

A

3rd October 1918

21
Q

How long did Wilson wait to reply to the peace note and why?

A

3 weeks to make sure the changes actually took place

22
Q

How did Wilson reply to the peace note?

A

Said there could be an armistice if Germany evacuated occupied land, they ended submarine warfare, and they created a fully democratic political system which meant there would be no kaiser

23
Q

What was germanys response to Wilson’s reply to the peace note?

A

Lundendorff refused, said he wanted one last military effort, however couldn’t get support for this, so he reigned and fled to Sweden, therefore making the reforms a failure

24
Q

What was the impact of the peace note on German people?

A

Low morale (leader fled, know they’re losing the war)
No respect for Kaiser or leaders
No longer prepared for food problems (low, expensive)

25
Q

What was the impact of the peace note on soldiers and sailors? (More important)

A

No respect for officers
“Kaiser is a scoundrel”
Kiel and Wilhelmshaven, cruisers refuse to obey orders and won’t attack British in the channel

History - Germany (8 decks)

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