September 2020 paper Flashcards
what are the methods of sowing hardy annuals outdoors?
broadcasting
sowing in drills
station sowing
describe broad cast sowing of hardy annuals
broad cast seeds evenly over the surface of the ground and then lightly rake in
describe how you sow hardy annuals outdoors if you sow them in drills
draw out a drill to a depth of 1-2cm
sow the seed evenly along the drill
cover the drill over by drawing the soil back over it with the back of a rake, and then tamp down
describe how you station sow hardy annuals outdoors
make a hole to the correct depth (according to the seed size) using a dibber.
place 1-3 seeds in each hole
replace the soil and firm
name 6 hardy annuals
Calendula officinalis Nigella damascena Centaurea cyanus Lathyrus odoratus Limnanthes douglasii Amni majus
describe the symptoms of the following diseases on herbaceous perennials: Powdery mildew
produces white, dusty spreading patches of the fungus on both surfaces of the leaves, flowers and buds.
Plant tissue can become stunted and distorted.
The infected plant parts can turn a purple-brown colour
describe the symptoms of the following diseases on herbaceous perennials: grey mould
a fuzzy-grey/brown mould that affects soft plant tissue, leaves and flowers.
spreads rapidly in high humidity.
The disease causes a slimy rot and death of the plant
name 4 herbaceous perennials suitable for growing in an herbaceous border
Alchemilla mollis Echinacea purpurea Rudbeckia fulgida sullivantii var. 'Gldsturm' Phlox paniculata 'White Admiral' Verbena bonariensis
what is meant by the term ‘climber’?
it is a plant that has modifications/adaptions which enable it to climb
eg; twining stems, tendrils, twisting leaf petioles
what is meant by the term ‘wall shrub’?
it is a woody plant that requires training to grow by a wall.
It benefits from the microclimate provided by the wall and can be grown there for decoration.
name four climbers
Clematis montana
Hedera helix
Thunbergia alata
Lathyrus odoratus
name 4 wall shrubs
Jasminum officinale
Wisteria sinensis
Lonicera japonica (Honeysuckle)
Cotoneaster horizontalis
if you are mulching a rock or alpine garden (as a maintenance task), what materials would you use?
limestone chippings
granite chippings
grit or gravel 2-10mm in size
describe the maintenance task of mulching an alpine or rock garden under the heading; maintenance of feature prior to mulching
weed with a hand fork trim/shape plants as required removal of dead, diseased, damaged plant material restore any eroded soil levels resetting displaced rocks
if you are mulching a rock or alpine garden (as a maintenance task) - describe the task of mulching
ensure the layer of mulch is even - should be 15-30mm deep
lift up carpeting leaves and place mulch underneath them - up to their collar
avoid getting mulch on the crown of plants
name 4 alpine garden plants for a summer display
Armeria juniperiafolia-the thing i have on the wall
Dianthus alpinus
Dryas octopetala
Sedum spurium
name 4 rock garden plants for a summer display
Lewisia cotyledon Phlox douglasii Pulsatilla vulgaris Dryas octopetala Dianthus alpinus Sedum spurium
what is meant by the term; marginal plants?
they grow in shallow water
water is over the crown of the plant
roots are fully submerged
foliage is above the level of the water
plants can be planted in containers, or in soil in a natural pond
they are plants on the first shelf of a pond
what is meant by the term; bog plant?
they are planted in situ - directly in soil over the membrane
the soil must be constantly wet/moist and not dry out
bog plants grow well in soil that is temporarily waterlogged
name two marginal plants
Iris pseud-a-corus
Ran-un-culus flammula
name 2 bog plants
Gunnera manicata
Primula denticulata
state the characteristics of a growing media suitable for a marginal plant
needs to be;
heavy
loam based
low in OM and nutrients.
Must be low in Nitrogen to prevent algal bloom.
You can use garden soil but it must be free from fertiliser, pesticides, weeds, pests and diseases
describe the maintenance of a high quality lawn under the heading; aeration
takes place during spring or autumn.
use a fork, hollow tine fork or aerator with spike
aeration is carried out to a depth of 50-100mm and the tines are spaced 100-200mm apart.
if you use a hollow tine, a core of soil is removed from the lawn.
if you use an aerator, make sure spacing between the holes is 0.5m
describe the maintenance of a high quality lawn under the heading; two methods of controlling weeds.
hand weeding;
use a spade or fork to remove all the roots.
do either when the weeds are seen, or during spring/autumn.
weed in conjunction with feeding, aeration and scarifying the lawn
herbicide;
use a selective herbicide eg; 2,4-D and spray they whole lawn.
you can incorporate it into feed which is applied during spring or autumn.
