October 2021 past paper Flashcards
Describe what is meant by the term groundwork (infill) with reference to a summer bedding scheme.
groundwork is: the mass or bulk planting, forming the central part of the border.
plants are positioned behind the edging plants and around the dot plants.
Groundwork plants are 20-40cm height, and spaced 20-30cm apart
what height are groundwork plants, and how far apart should they be spaced?
height; 20-40cm
spaced; 20-30cm
where should you plant groundwork plants in a summer bedding border?
position them behind edging plants, and around the dot plants
what are maintenance tasks for a summer bedding display?
irrigation
weeding
deadheading
describe irrigation for summer bedding display maintenance
irrigation can be applied via a seep hose, or pop-up sprinkler system so plants are thoroughly soaked - to a depth of 150mm is ideal
describe weeding as part of the maintenance of a summer bedding display
hoe off seedling weeds allowing them to dry out on the surface of the soil
or, hand pull the weeds and remove them from the bed
describe deadheading as part of the maintenance of a summer bedding display
remove spent flowers by using snips to cut back to the next node
name 4 plants suitable for a summer bedding display
Salvia splendens Tagetes erecta Lobelia erinus Nicotiana alata Canna indica
what are three methods of staking herbaceous perennial plants in a border?
a single bamboo cane and twine
Corylus avellana brushwood
metal grids
hoops
describe the method of staking herbaceous perennial plants in a border by using a bamboo cane, giving a named plant example
wrap soft twine in a figure eight knot around the bamboo cane to support a tall inflorescence eg: Delphinium ‘Conspicuous’
describe the method of staking herbaceous perennial plants in a border by using Corylus avellana brushwood
these are hazel branches, and they can be woven together to create a form which is placed over the emerging plants early in the year
describe the method of staking herbaceous perennial plants in a border by using metal grids and hoops or link stakes
place these around the plants when they are in early stages of growth - so that they will be almost invisible once the plants are fully grown.
(think of the peony support mike made :) )
name 4 herbaceous perennials suitable for growing in a shady planting situation
Actaea pachypoda
Brunnera macrophylla ‘Jack Frost’
Hosta fortunei ‘Aurea’
Pulmonaria angustifolia
list 6 materials of pieces of equipment used during the planting of a tree
NOT TO INCLUDE TOOLS
softwood stake Plastic buckle tie and spacer rabbit guard mycorrhizal root stimulant bonemeal chipped bark mulch planting board RootRain biodegradable tree shelters
name 4 distinct lime-hating trees and/or shrubs
Arbutus unedo Calluna vulgaris- Heather Camellia x williamsii 'Debbie' Magnolia x soulangeana Skimmia japonica
state 6 characteristics of a growing medium suitable for growing alpine and rock garden plants
free draining well aerated free from pests and diseases free from weeds and weed seeds Suitable pH for the plants being grown Stable structure low in nutrients moisture retentive
name a pest of alpine or rock plants
slugs and snails
how would you control a named pest in an alpine or rock garden?
slugs/snails;
physically remove them by hand
use Metaldehyde pellets
Aphids;
rub off the plants- squash them
spray off the plants with a strong jet of water
spray them with Pyrethrins or Fatty acids
what is a named disease that can affect alpine or rock plants and how can you control it?
disease; Powdery mildew
control method; remove and destroy the affected plant material
what are some methods of controlling pond weeds?
raking them off the surface
putting a bale of barley straw in a bag in the pond - it releases algal inhibitors
make sure there is a balance between open water and plant foliage cover
Filtration - with a pump
describe how to control pond weeds if you were to manually rake them.
you can rake off floating pond weed,
use a stick to twirl blanket weed around it
lift and remove weed seedlings from container plants
describe how to control pond weeds if you were to; use a bale of barley straw
place the bale in a mesh bag into the pond.
the straw releases algal inhibitors.
you can also use an algaecide eg: Tetra.
Name an algaecide and the amount in ml’s that controls litres of water
Tetra,
250ml controls 5000litres of water
describe how to control pond weeds if you were to; use a balance of foliage and open water
There should be a 50;50 ratio of plant foliage cover ; open water.
Use Nymphaea spp. and oxygenating plants to help reduce the amount of light the weeds need
name an oxygenating plant that helps control pond weeds
Myriophyllum verticillatum
My-rio-phy-llum vert-ici-llatum
describe how to control pond weeds if you were to; use a filtration method
use a pump and UV filters to clear weeds and algae from the water
name two distinct aquatic plants suitable for a garden pool under the heading; Marginal plants
Lobelia cardinalis
Iris pseudacorus
Butomus umbellatus
name two distinct aquatic plants suitable for a garden pool under the heading; FLOATING AQUATICS
Azolla mexicana
Pistia stratiotes - looks like a floating cabbage
Lemna trisulca - has submerged fronds
name a mower suitable for a hard wearing utility lawn
a rotary mower
name a mower suitable for a fine quality lawn
a cylinder mower
describe a rotary mower
it travels on wheels and may have a back roller.
it can be petrol, battery or electric driven with a single blade that has a chopping action.
it normally has a grass collection box
the height of cut can be adjusted
describe one distinct mower suitable for a hard wearing utility lawn
A rotary mower;
it travels on wheels and may have a back roller.
it can be petrol, battery or electric driven with a single blade that has a chopping action.
it normally has a grass collection box
the height of cut can be adjusted
describe a cylinder mower
a cylinder mower;
travels on rollers which creates stripes on the lawn
it has a grass collection box
3- 12 blades which cut against a cutting plate in a scissor like action
height of cut is adjustable
can be petrol or battery powered
describe one distinct mower suitable for a fine quality lawn
a cylinder mower;
travels on rollers which creates stripes on the lawn
it has a grass collection box
3- 12 blades which cut against a cutting plate in a scissor like action
height of cut is adjustable
can be petrol or battery powered
name two diseases of turf
Fusarium patch
red thread
describe the symptoms of; fusarium patch
starts as small, yellowish patches that spread and merge - will form patches 30cm in size.
the grass gradually dies and turns brown.
during wet conditions a white or pinkish, cottony fungal growth can appear at the edge of the patch
describe the symptoms of Red thread
patches of affected grass have a reddish tinge which become light brown or bleached in appearance.
The patches range in size, 7.5 - 25cm in diameter or larger.
pink/red gelatinous thread-like structures can be seen on blades of grass, often binding them together.
