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CLASP > Sepsis, Bacteria and Antibiotics > Flashcards

Sepsis, Bacteria and Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

4C Antibiotics

A

Clindamycin
Cephalosporins
Co-amoxiclav
Ciprofloxacin

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2
Q

Antiobiotic management in ESBL producing coliforms

A

IV meropenem

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3
Q

Gram Positive Aerobic Cocci

A

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

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4
Q

Gram Positive Aerobic Bacilli: Small

A

Corynebacterium sp

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5
Q

Gram Positive Anaerobic Bacilli

A

Clostridium sp

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6
Q

Gram Positive Aerobic Bacilli: Large

A

Bacillus sp

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7
Q

Staphylococci

- Test to differentiate

A

Coagulase

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8
Q

Coagulase negative staphylococci

A

Staph epidermidis

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9
Q

Coagulase positive staphylococci

A

Staph aureus

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10
Q

Streptococci

- Test to differentiate

A

Haemolysis

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11
Q

A Haemolytic Streptococci

A

Strep pneumoniae
Strep viridans
= partial haemolysis

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12
Q

B Haemolytic Streptococci

A

Group A Strep = strep pyogenes

Group B Strep

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13
Q

Non-haemolytic Streptococci

A

Enterococcus

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14
Q

Types of corynebacterium (2)

A

Corynebacterium diphteriae

Diptheroids

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15
Q

Types of clostridium (3)

A

Cl. tetani
Cl. perfringens
Cl. difficile

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16
Q

Gram Negative Strict Aerobes

A

Legionella sp

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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17
Q

Gram Negative Aerobic Diplococci

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Neisseria meningitidis

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18
Q

Gram Negative Aerobic Bacilli: Small

A

Bordatella pertussis

Haemophilus influenzae

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19
Q

Gram Negative Aerobic Bacilli: Large

A

Gut commensals
= E.coli, klebsiella, proteus sp
Gut pathogens
= salmonella, shigella, E.coli 0157

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20
Q

Gram negative small curved bacilli

A

Campylobacter sp

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21
Q

Gram negative spiral curved bacilli

A

Helicobacter sp

22
Q

Immunocompromised: association with anti-TNF

A

M. tuberculosis

Aspergillus (other fungal infections)

23
Q

Antibiotic groups which act on the cell wall

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbopenems
Glycopeptides

24
Q

Examples of penicillins

A

Penicillin
Amoxicillin
Flucloxacillin

25
Q

Strep organisms - antibiotic used

A

Penicillin

26
Q

Staph organisms - antibiotic used

A

Flucloxacillin

27
Q

Enterococcus - antibiotic used

A

Amoxicillin

28
Q

Examples of cephalosporins

A

Ceftriaxone

Teftriaxone

29
Q

Cephalosporins are active against

  • Gram Negative?
  • Gram Positive?
A

Active against both

- Have a B-lactam ring

30
Q

Example of glycopeptides

A

Vancomycin

31
Q

Use of glycopeptides

A

Used against C. difficile

Active against gram positive anaerobes

32
Q

Antibiotic groups which act on protein synthesis

A

Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines

33
Q

Examples of macrolides

A

Erythromycin

Clindamycin

34
Q

Examples of aminoglycosides

A

Iztreonam

Gentamicin

35
Q

Dosing of gentamicin

- Exception

A

7mg/kg

Increase in obese patients

36
Q

How do you give aminoglycosides?

A

Can only be given IV

37
Q

Aminoglycosides are active against

  • Gram Negatives?
  • Gram Positives?
A

Gram negatives

38
Q

Examples of tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline

39
Q

Uses of tetracyclines

A

Acne and rosacea

40
Q

Tetracyclines are active against

  • Gram Negatives?
  • Gram Positives?
A

Broad spectrum - active against both

41
Q

Antibiotic groups which act on nucleic acid synthesis

A

Sulphonyamides
(Metronidazole)
Fluoroquinolones
(Rifampicin)

42
Q

Examples of sulphonamide

A

Trimethoprim

43
Q

Action of sulphonamide

- When not to use

A

Inhibits folic acid synthesis

- Don’t use in the 1st trimester of pregnancy

44
Q

Activity of sulphonamide

A

Only really acts against E.coli

45
Q

When not to use nitrofurantoin?

A

In the 3rd trimester of pregnancy

46
Q

When to use metronidazole?

- What organisms active against?

A

Used in peritonitis

Use against parasites/protozoa/anaerobes

47
Q

Action of metronidazole

A

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

48
Q

Examples of fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin

Levofloxacin

49
Q

Action of fluoroquinolones

A

Inhibits nucleic acid

50
Q

Action of Rifampicin

- What is it active against?

A

Inhibits nucleic acid

Active against gram +VE cocci

CLASP (3 decks)

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