Separations Flashcards
Track separations using VOR/DME
Both aircraft must have reported established on radials at least 20 degrees apart;
A/c diverge and one aircraft is 15miles from DME
A/c converge and one aircraft is 30miles from DME
One a/c inbound and the other outbound from the VOR station provided that the outbound is at least 20miles OR the inbound at least 30miles from his station.
Track separations using VOR radials?
When one aircraft is the time equivalent of 15miles or 4minutes (whichever is greater) from the VOR and both a/c have reported established on radials which diverge by 20 degrees or more.
Both aircraft must have passed a VOR on tracks diverging by 45degrees or more and have reported established on the relevant radials.
Track separations using specified tracks from an NDB?
When one aircraft is the time equivalent of 15miles or 4 minutes (whichever is greater) from an NDB and both aircraft have reported established on tracks which diverge by 30 degrees or more.
NOTE: if pilot suspects accuracy of NDB this separation shall not be used.
Geographical Separation conditions:
1) indicated by position reports over different geographical locations that have been specified in MATS 2 as being separated; and
2) constant or increasing
How is longitudinal separation achieved?
By requiring aircraft to:
1) depart at a specified time
2) lose or gain time to arrive at a geographical location at a specified time; or
3) hold over a geographical location until a specified time
What is same track?
When the track of one aircraft is separated from the track of another by less than 45 degrees
What is reciprocal track?
When the track of one aircraft is separated from the reciprocal of the other by less than 45 degrees
What is crossing track?
Intersecting tracks which are not classed as same or reciprocal
Longitudinal separation based on time, what are the same cruising level and same track separations?
2 minutes provided the 2 minute departure separation has been applied.
3 minutes
When authorised by the CAA provided both aircraft are:
1)
How is longitudinal separation achieved?
By requiring aircraft to:
1) depart at a specified time
2) lose or gain time to arrive at a geographical location at a specified time; or
3) hold over a geographical location until a specified time
Longitudinal separation based on time - climbing and descending on the same track
5 minutes at time levels are crossed
Provided that the level change is commenced within 10 minutes of the time the second aircraft has reported over the same exact reporting point.
10 minutes
No provisions
Longitudinal separation based on time - crossing tracks
10 minutes
No provisions
Longitudinal separation based on time - reciprocal tracks
10 minutes before and after estimated passing time
Vertical separation shall be provided for at least 10 minutes both prior to and after the estimated time of passing unless it is confirmed that the aircraft have actually passed each other by:
1) ATS surveillance system derived information
2) a visual sighting report from both pilots (by day only) or
3) aircraft position report over the same exact reporting point; provided vertical separation is maintained for sufficient tile to take into consideration navigation errors.
Longitudinal separation based on time - climbing and descending on the same track
5 minutes at time levels are crossed
Provided that the level change is commenced within 10 minutes of the time the second aircraft has reported over the same exact reporting point.
10 minutes
No provisions
Longitudinal separation based on time - crossing tracks
10 minutes
No provisions
