Separation techniques Flashcards
Name all separation techniques (5)
- Simple distillation
- Crystallization
- Fractional distillation
- Filtration
- Chromatography
How to calculate Rf values?
distance travelled by spot/distance moved by solvent front
Label different parts of chromatography paper
- Baseline (origin)
- Compound spot
- Solvent front
Chromatography
A separation technique that is used to separate mixtures of colours in inks or dyes
Label different parts of chromatography experiment
- Lid
- Splint
- Pencil line
- Ink spot
- Water
What happens if the dye is insoluble? (Chromatography)
It would not move from the line.
Which dye would travel further? (Chromatography)
The most soluble.
How does colours of a dye separate? (Chromatography)
Due to their solubility IN the solvent
Method (Chromatography) (6)
- Draw a line in pencil 1cm from the bottom of paper.
- Spot on different dyes/inks to be separated.
- Put paper into a beaker of solvent - the solvent must be lower than base line.
- Put a lid
- Wait for solvent to absorb up the paper.
- Take it out of the beaker and let it dry.
Why do we put a lid on top of the beaker? (Chromatography)
To stop the solvent from evaporating or impurities getting in.
eg. ethanol can easily evaporate.
Simple distillation
method used to separate liquid from solution BUT keeping liquid.
Fractional distillation
method used to separate a mixture of different liquids with very similar boiling points.
Filtration
method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
Crystallization
method used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid.
