Separation Of Mixtures

Question 1

Define pure substance

Answer 1

A single element or compound not mixed with anything

Question 2

Define a mixture

Answer 2

2 or more elements mixed together not chemically combined

Question 3

Explain crystallisation

Answer 3

Where the solute is separated and solvent is evaporated.
Bunsen burner with evaporating basin set up

Question 4

Explain filtration

Answer 4

soluble and insoluble separated from a mixture with filter paper and a filter funnel over a conical flask. Insoluble stays in paper

Question 5

Explain simple distillation

Answer 5

When solvent and solute separated and both kept.
Bunsen burner with distillation flask and thermometer with condenser. Solvent evaporates, condenses and out as pure in beaker.
Solute remains

Question 6

Explain fractional distillation

Answer 6

Separating in order of boiling points. Fractionating column with glass beads. Evaporates liquid into condenser (used for crude oil)

Question 7

Rf value equation

Answer 7

Distance by substance / solvent distance

Question 8

What is the stationary phase of chromatography

Answer 8

Paper put into solvent

Question 9

What is the mobile phase of chromatography?

Answer 9

When solvent moves up the paper

Question 10

What happens to pure substances in chromatography

Answer 10

Stay on pencil line