Qualitative Analysis Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

What charge ions do flame tests test for?

A

Positive ions

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2
Q

Why can you use flame tests to identify the metal ion of a compound?

A

Metals burn with a characteristic colour and therefore goes a distinctive colour over a flame

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3
Q

Describe the lab method of a flame test.

A

Clean the nichrome wire with hydrochloric acid and hold in a blue flame.
Dip wire into solid sample
Hold over a blue flame
Determine colour and identify ions.

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4
Q

Colour of Li+ ions

A

Crimson

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5
Q

Colour of Na+ ions

A

Yellow

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6
Q

Colour of K+ ions

A

Lilac

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7
Q

Colour of Cu2+ ions

A

Blue/green

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8
Q

The colour of Ca2+ ions

A

Orange/red

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9
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when copper compounds react with NaOH

A

Blue precipitate

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10
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when Iron(II) compounds react with NaOH

A

A green precipitate

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11
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when iron(III) compounds react with NaOH

A

Brown precipitate

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12
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when magnesium compounds react with NaOh

A

White precipitate

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13
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when aluminium compounds react with NaOH

A

White precipitate that’s soluble in excess

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14
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when calcium compounds react with NaOH

A

White precipitate

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15
Q

How to test for carbonate ions

A

Add 3cm3 or dilute HCl to carbonate solid salt
Test gas with limewater -> cloudy if CO2

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16
Q

How to test for alkenes

A

Bromine water orange to colourless

17
Q

Test for chlorine

A

Bleaches damp litmus paper white

18
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Burns with a squeaky pop

19
Q

Test for oxygen

A

Relights a glowing splint

20
Q

What compound do you use to detect halide ions?

A

Silver nitrate

21
Q

Method for determining halide ions

A

Acidify salt with few drops of nitric acid then add drops of silver nitrate

22
Q

What colour would a chloride precipitate turn with silver nitrate?

A

White precipitate (WC-bleach toilet, white chlorine)

23
Q

What colour would bromide precipitate turn with silver nitrate?

A

Cream precipitate ( BC )

24
Q

What colour would a iodide precipitate turn with silver nitrate?

A

yellow precipitate

25
How do you identify sulphate ions SO4^2-
Acidly with a few drops HCl then add barium chloride = white precipitate
26
How do you determine anions?
Using precipitation reaction
27
What colour do sulphate ion precipitate go with barium chloride?
White precipitate
28
What is Flame emission spectroscopy?
Measure of wavelength of light in a flame to identify all of the ions in that mixture
29
In flame emission spectroscopy how do you find concentration of ions?
Measure the light intensity of the flame with that wavelength for the ion
30
Advantages of flame spectroscopy machine
Very quick and accurate, can find more data as it is density e
31
DisAdvantages of flame spectroscopy machine
Expensive, need training to understand, complex data findings