Separating Substances

Question 1

Chromatography

Answer 1

• Chromatography is used to separate mixtures of substances with similar properties
• You can find Rf values using this method.

Rf =distance travelled by colour A
——————————————-
distance travelled by solvent

Question 2

Fractional Distillation

Answer 2

-Fractional Distillation is used to separate liquids with different boiling points (used for getting the fractions of crude oil). Requires a Fractionating Column and a Condenser.

Question 3

Evaporation

Answer 3

-Evaporation is used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid. Usually liquid is heated in an evaporating basin until a solid is left behind

Question 4

Distillation

Answer 4

-Distillation is used to get a liquid from a solution. Involves boiling the liquid and condensing it

Question 5

Filtration

Answer 5

-Filtration is used to separate a insoluble solid from a liquid. For example sand and water, The liquid produced is called the filtrate and the solid left behind is the residue

Question 6

Crystallisation

Answer 6

-Crystallisation is used to separate a solid that has dissolved in a liquid and formed a solution.