Separating mixtures Flashcards
What are the 4 separation techniques?
1) Filtration
2) Evaporation
3) Chromatography
4) Distillation
What is evaporation?
It is when the solvent is heated and turns into gas which leaves us with the solute.
What is filtration?
It is when you use a filter with small holes so only the solvent can go through but the solute will stay behind because the holes are not big enough.
What is chromatography for?
Its for separating dyes in inks.
What is ink?
It is a mixture of dyes.
What does Chromatography use?
It uses the solvent soaking through the chromatography paper to separate dyes.
What happens to the different types of dyes?
Different dyes will travel at different speeds. Some dyes will stick to the paper others will dissolve in the solvent.
How many methods does chromatography have?
It has 2 methods.
What is the second Method for chromatography?
1) Draw a pencil line near the bottom of the chromatography paper
2) Put spots of ink on the line
3) Roll up the paper and put it in a beaker of shallow solvent
Can you analyse substances using chromatography?
You can analyse using chromatogram this is the pattern of spots or ring left behind.
How does the solubility of a dye affect how far it travels?
Dyes that are soluble get dissolved in the solvent and transported a long way. If a dye is insoluble it wont move.
What does it mean when to spots are at the same height?
It means they are the same substance because all dyes travel at different speeds.
What will a particular ink always have?
It will always have the same characteristics and same pattern.
What distillation do?
It separates pure water from ink.
What is the method for distillation?
1) The water is heated and evaporated
2) The gas is the cooled and condensing inside a condenser
3) The liquid is the collected leaving the solid behind
