Separate Chemistry 2 Flashcards
What functional group do alcohols contain
-OH
What are the first 4 members of the alcohol series
Methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol
What is the molecular formula for methanol
CH3OH
What is the molecular formula for ethanol
CH3CH2OH
What is the molecular formula for propanol
CH3CH2CH2OH
What is the molecular formula for butanol
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
What group is ethanoic acid a part of
Carboxylic acids
What functional group do carboxylic acids have
-COOH
What are the first 4 members of the carboxylic acid group
Methanoic acid, ethanoic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid,
What is the molecular formula for methanoic acid
CHOOH
What is the molecular formula for ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
What is the molecular formula for propanoic acid
CH3CH2COOH
What is the molecular formula for butanoic acid
CH3CH2CH2COOH
What process can happen to ethanol
It can be oxidised to form ethanoic acid
What process can happen to any alcohol
They can be oxidised to form carboxylic acids
What process can produce ethanol
Fermentation (with yeast)
What is used to produce ethanol
carbohydrates (sugars from fruit or starch)
How should the mixture produce be fermentation be kept
It must be kept warm under anaerobic conditions
What percentage is ethanol concentration from fermentation
15%
What is fractional distillation used for
To separate ethanol from the mixture
What is the process of fractional distillation in this scenario
- Water and ethanol solution are heated
- Ethanol evaporates first, cools, then condenses
- Water left evaporates, cools, then condenses
