Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histology Exam 4 (Endo, Blood, Sensory) > Sensory Systems > Flashcards

Sensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Outer coat

A

Cornea + Sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Middle coat

A

Iris, Ciliary Body, Choroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inner coat

A

RPE and Neural retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cornea vasculature

A

Vessels (no blood or lymph)

Central part from diffusion of humor, peripheral part from limbic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Corneal Layers

A 
Epithelium
Bowmans
Stroma
Decemet's membrane
Corneal endothelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Corneal epithelium

A

Non ketatinized SSq

*can regenerate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pain from cornea is transmitted how?

A

The epithelium is innervated by trigeminal and oculomotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bowman’s layer

A

Type 1 collagen

part of stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stroma of cornea contains…

A

Type 1 and 5 collagen fibers

Chrondroitin and Keratan SO4 in ECM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Decemet’s membrane

A

Thick BM with Type 7 collagen

*MADE by corneal endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Corneal endothelium

A

Impermeable intercellular spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sclera composition

A

Dense CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Limbus is located at…

A

Corneal-Scleral junction

**Next to Trabecular Meshwork and Canal of Schlemm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aqueous humor resembles…

A

Plasma

less protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Flow of Aqueous humor

A 
Anterior chamber
Trabecular network
Canal of Schlemm
Aqueous veins
Episcleral veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Choroid contains…

A

melanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CB uveal layer consists of…

A
  • outer layer ( = supraciliaris)
  • ciliary muscle attached to suspensatory ligament
  • layer of fenestrated capillaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CB Neuroepithelial layers (2) are…

A

Outer pigmented layer continuous with RPE

Inner nonpigmented layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are ciliary processes?

A

Anterior part of CB that are folded, which produce Aqueous Humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Division of aqueous flow

A

80% Schlemm

20% Uveoscleral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Iris is a continuation of…

A

the ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lens is enclosed in…

A

thick BM membrane-ish material called CAPSULE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vitreous Humor composition, fxn

A

water + hyaluronic acid

keeps lens and retina in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The two retinal layers we need to know about:

A

RPE and Photoreceptor layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
RPE functions
- absorb scattered light - phagocytose discs from old rods - release VITAMIN A into photoreceptors
26
RPE is closely adhered to...
choroid may be a developmental space between RPE and rest of retina
27
Rod characteristics
Tall & cylindrical Outer segment has modified cilia DISCS from PM contain rhodopsin pigment (transmits light energy)
28
Cone characteristics
Short and conical Outer segments has modified cilia Discs and pigments sensitive to RGB light.
29
Fovea is area with only...
cones This is "macular vision" = highly represented in optic nerve and visual cortex (occipital lobe)
30
Outer discs from old rods shed into...
space between outer segments and RPE RPE eats discs
31
New discs made where?
"From below" and migrate upward
32
Which discs are shed and replaced more slowly?
cones
33
Optic disc is where...
Optic nerve exits retina. Has NO photoreceptors
34
Fovea is located where?
The pit in the center of the macula
35
Macula vasculature
no retinal vessles BUT choroid vessels abundant on the outside
36
Detached retina
neural retina detaches from RPE
37
Age related macular degeneration
macula and fovea lose function because RPE degenerates and forms DRUSEN ( = white spots) allows fluid to leak behund fovea -->> foveal cones die
38
Glaucoma
Increased intraocular pressure. Anterior eye chamber cant exchange fluid via normal outflow of aqueous humor. Compromised blood vessels of optic nerve and axons of ganglia cells
39
Retinitis pigmentosa
Rods of peripheral retina degenerate (night blindness) Tunnel vision, fovea spared Black pigment in edges, thinned blood vessels at optic nerve head
40
Diabetic retinopathy
Vessels become distorted and numerous Tx = Frickin' Laser beams
41
Hereditary retinal dystrophy
RPE can't eat the discs from old rods
42
Lacrimal gland type? What does it contain?
Compound tubuloalveolar contains lysozyme
43
Outer 1/2 of EAM is supported by...
Elastic cartilage
44
EAM contains
large sebaceous glands | Ceruminous glands
45
Ceruminous glands are what type?
coiled TA
46
Ear wax composition
ceruminous and sebaceous secretions + desquamated cells from meatus
47
Tympanic cavity lined with
SSq that changes to Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar near the opening of the auditory tube
48
Endolymph similar to
intracellular fluid - - Low Na+ - - High K+
49
Saccule and utricle are...
bodies of CT lined with SSq epithelium
50
Two ducts from saccule and utricle unite to form...
Endolymphatic sac
51
Macula are where?
utricle and saccule
52
Types of cells in macula
Neuroepithelial cells Type 1 & 2 hair cells Support cells
53
Neuroepithelial cell characteristics
50-100 stereocilia (sensory MV) SINGLE Kinocilium. Cilia extend from apical surface to otolithic membrane
54
Type 1 hair cells
bulbar surrounded by cup-like nerve ending
55
Type 2 hair cells
columnar with basal nucleus Small afferent nerve terminals with synaptic vesicles
56
Support cells have...
prominent terminal web, basal nucleus
57
Otolithic membrane composition? Contains what?
Made of glycoprotein Contains Small CALCIFIED particles = Otoliths (Otoconia)
58
Semicircular ducts arise at
Utricle
59
Cristae ampullaris different from macula because
It has thick glycoprotein CUPULA, no otoliths Detects rotational acceleration (macula senses linear acceleration)
60
Endolymphatic sac cells
- columnar with irregularly shaped nuclei - columnar cells with long MV - Phagocytic cells (MQ, PMN) resorb endolymph
61
Vestibular membrane composed of
2 layers of squamous cells separated by BM
62
Stria vascularis tissue type
Pseudostratified epithelium *may secrete endolymph
63
Spiral prominence tissue?
covered with epithelium, that is continuous with Stria vascularis and is reflected onto the Basilar Membrane
64
Basilar membrane contains...
keratin-like fibers
65
What makes the tectorial membrane
Secretedd by INTERDENTAL cells of the spiral sulcus
66
Spiral organ of Corti lies on what? What does it contain?
Basilar Membrane Contains inner and outer tunnel
67
Cochlea neuroepitheial cells do not contain what?
NO Kinocilium at top only have stiff stereocilia
68
Inner hair cell organization
single row -- receive afferent snaptic terminals on basal surface
69
Outer hair cell organization
3-5 rows within cup shaped afferent nerve ending
70
which type of hair cell functions in sound reception?
outer hair cell
71
Inner and outer pillar cells do what?
enclose and support the inner tunnel of corti
72
Inner and outer phalangeal cells do what?
Support the NERVE FIBERS that form synapses with hair cells
73
Significance of the cells of Hensen and border cells?
They mark the inner and outer borders of the spiral organ of corti
74
How do pillar cells attached to basilar membrane move in response to deflection during sound?
Laterally
75
Cupula displaced by ...
endolymph movement
76
otoliths are displaced by...
movement of endolymph in saccules and utricles
77
Causes of nerve deafness
disease, drugs, loud noise
78
Conductive deafness occurs before
Oval window
79
Test for conductive deafness
Weber test
80
Causes of conductive hearing loss
- Otitis Media | - otosclerosis of middle ear

Histology Exam 4 (Endo, Blood, Sensory) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions