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Developmental > Sensory Systems > Flashcards

Sensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Dorsal root ganglion

A

Collection of cell bodies of the afferent sensory fibers

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2
Q

Dorsal root contains

A

Sensory fibers from the skin subcutaneous and deep tissue and viscera

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3
Q

Afferent nerves

A

Sensory nerves

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4
Q

Efferent nerves

A

Motor nerves

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5
Q

Cutaneous joint and visceral afferent nerves are

A

Myelinated

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6
Q

Perception

A

The integration of sensory impressions into psychologically meaningful information

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7
Q

Sensory integration

A

The ability to use sensory information efficiently
Combining several sensory inputs to produce a desired movement

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8
Q

Mechano receptors

A

Touch pressure vibration proprioception

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9
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Heat and cold

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10
Q

Nociceptors

A

Pain receptors

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11
Q

Somatosensory system

A

Provides sensory info about the body

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12
Q

Interoception

A

Perception of sensation from inside the body

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13
Q

Proprioception

A

Perception of one’s body in space

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14
Q

Order of sensory system development

A

Touch->vestibular->smell->hearing->vision->taste->proprioception

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15
Q

What system develops in utero

A

Touch

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16
Q

Muscle spindles and golgi tendons (proprioception receptors) are developed when ?

A

Are developed by mid fetal life

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17
Q

At 7 weeks in utero

A

Fetus responds to touch around mouth

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18
Q

At 12 weeks in utero

A

Muscle spindles formed

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19
Q

At 16 weeks in utero

A

Golgi tendons organs are formed

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20
Q

At 17 weeks in utero

A

Cutaneous sensations spreads to entire body

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21
Q

Sensory system maturation

A

Inc. Nerve conduction velocity
Redistribution of axon branching
Increased synaptic efficiency

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22
Q

At what age do muscle spindles mature

A

3 years of age

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23
Q

Between what ages do proprioception abilities mature ?

A

5-12 yrs

24
Q

When is the sensory system the keenest

A

Adolescence to early adulthood

25
Q

Reaction time peaks in mid 20s and slows down

A

20% during middle adulthood

26
Q

Why do the cutaneous receptors become less precise when we age ?

A

Because the skin becomes dry and less elastic

27
Q

Aging on the somatosensory system

A

Dec. In number of sensory neurons
Dec. In function of remaining sensors
Arthritic changes affect the ability of joint receptors to detect motion

28
Q

What percentage of innervation to the peripheral nerves would be classified as peripheral neuropathy ?

A

30%

29
Q

Saccades

A

Quick simultaneous movement of both eyes in the same direction

30
Q

Slow pursuit of tracking

A

Slow smooth eye movements
Allow the eyes to closely follow moving objects

31
Q

Vestibular ocular reflex

A

Reflex eye movements that stabilize images on the retina
Produces eye movement in opposite direction to head movement

32
Q

Convergence

A

Eyes rotate towards each other

33
Q

Divergence

A

Eyes rotate away from each other

34
Q

Prenatal visual system

A

4th week the eye forms
13th week myelination begins
6th month of gestation reflexive eye blinking

35
Q

Visual development occurs

A

After birth

36
Q

Newborns vision

A

Initially see in black and white
Have 20/800 vision

37
Q

At what distance do babies see best and what pattern preference do they have

A

7-9 in away and their favorite pattern preference is human face

38
Q

Binocular vision matures between what months ?

A

3-5 months

39
Q

Adult like binocular vision occurs by when ?

A

2 yrs

40
Q

20/20 vision is achieved by when ?

A

12 months of age

41
Q

Between what ages are highly dependent in visual feedback for upright postural control and balance

A

4-6 yrs

42
Q

At what age does adult level depth perception occur ?

A

12 yrs

43
Q

Visual system adolescence

A

Eye hand coordination and perception action coupling

44
Q

Most rapid decline of vision occurs between what ages ?

A

60-80 yrs

45
Q

At what age does presbyopia develop ?

A

45 yrs

46
Q

What percent of adults over 65 have develop cataracs

A

60 %

47
Q

What percent of adults have macular degeneration over 75 ?

A

28%

48
Q

Otolith organs

A

Perceived linear acceleration both horizontally and vertically

49
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Detect angular acceleration in three dimensional space

50
Q

The vestibular system develops from what type of gestational cell ?

A

Ectoderm

51
Q

Vestibular system infancy and childhood

A

Vestibular system completely myelinated at birth
Rocking and spinning contribute to dev of vestibular system

52
Q

At what month does the vestibular ocular reflex occur

A

By 2 months of age

53
Q

Full maturity of the vestibular system is achieved between what ages ?

A

10-14 yrs

54
Q

Vestibular visual and somatosensory system coordinate to control what ?

A

Balance

55
Q

By what age do we develop static balance ?

A

9-12yrs

56
Q

By what age do we develop dynamic balance

A

12 yrs

57
Q

When do age related changes to the vestibular system occur ?

A

40 yrs

Developmental (3 decks)

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