sensory processing integration Flashcards
sensory system consists of seven areas that work in…
a continuous loop to regulate sensory information to function
- sensory system
- processing
- response
- sensory system - sensory receptors are stimulated
- processing - sensory info is organized, stored, and related to previous experiences
- response - response is generated
sensory perceptions have connections with….
causing?
connections with limbic system & autonomous NS
- causing poor emotional regulation, stress, anxiety, and poor self-esteem
proprioception definition
Information provided by joints and muscles which keeps people oriented to body position in space
2 factors
- conscious [complex motor activity]
- subconscious [basic posture]
poor proprioception [body awareness] can result in
- clumsiness, difficulty with posture (leaning), and using
too much or little pressure - may result in “sensory
seeking” behaviors, crashing, or excessive roughness or
sensory avoidance, unable to predict others’ behavior.
vestibular system
Movement processing tells you whether the body is moving and
in what direction
- operates within the ear and in conjunction with
vision (vestibulo- ocular reflex)
- role in generating our general
muscle tone (vestibular spinal tract)
difficulties in processing vestibular information can result in
- low muscle tone
- poor balance or improper reactions to movements
- incoordination
- toe walking
- decreased trunk rotation
- lack of visual scanning, and sedentary (avoidance of activities)
tactile definition
- ability to discriminate touch through the skin
- includes the ability to conform to objects and pressure (dorsal column medial leminiscal tract).
poor tactile discrimination can result in…
- children with poor tactile discrimination can have
difficulty with fine motor skills including handwriting. - they might avoid certain textures of food, clothing, surfaces, etc.
- hypersensitive to unexpected touch
sensory discrimination disorder factors
- visual
- auditory
- tactile ; taste/smell
- position/movement
vision definition
- the eyes and the brain work in tandem to perceive and
separate objects from the background - works in coordination
with the vestibular system to orient to movement in the
environment and maintain focus during our movement.
what does vision influence?
- Influences hand- eye coordination
- visual spatial orientation
- visual- motor skill
children with visual difficulties may…
- may be sensitive to the sunlight
- avoid visual attention
- hesitate to go on stairs or
playground equipment.
auditory system function
the auditory system discriminates sounds in the environment
*strong connection with limbic system
auditory system difficulties
- difficulties may result in a negative response to unexpected or loud noises, difficulty focusing with background noise, auditory
inattentiveness, or overstimulation - child who pays attention to every noise, unable to habituate.
taste and smell difficulties
- can lead to feeding difficulties
- our olfactory receptors are directly connected to the limbic
system (amygdala, hippocampus). - Individuals might avoid certain places or even people due to
their perception of or associations with smell, but
may not even know why.
*strong connection with limbic system
sensory modulation continuum
failure to orient
sensory modulation continuum
failure to orient
sensory based motor disorders
-dyspraxia
- postural disorder
dyspraxia
● Praxis = Motor Skill
● Praxis = Motor Planning
● Motor Planning = Ideation, Construction, and Execution
● Dyspraxia lies mainly in the neural activity before motor execution
● A person can have adequate neuromuscular or neuromotor
function and still be dyspraxic
postural disorder
- characterized by poor core strength and endurance.
● move inefficiently with poor balance and poor body awareness.
● symptoms may include no internal motivation, poor bilateral coordination, poor ocular-motor ability, or “gravitational insecurity.”
Aging
Shows that this is a gradual change and the two remain correlated from
younger adult to middle adult to older adult. (Humes, 2015)
● HOWEVER, Some research supports the fact that there is an increase, not
decrease, in multisensory processing.
● Possibly due to decreased salience of sensory input because of the decline in
s ensory discrimination. (Mozolic, Hugenschmidt, Peiffer, et al., 2012)
aging
In one study, elderly participants who were more efficient multisensory
integrators had less risk for falls (Mahoney & Varghese, 2019)
● Sensory integration was related to spatial aspects of gait (goal-directed,
change in pace and stride length variability), but not temporal (automatic,
rhythm) (Mahoney & Varghese, 2018
