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Capella Medical Term > Sensory Organs > Flashcards

Sensory Organs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

aque/o

A

water

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2
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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3
Q

conjuctiv/o

A

conjuctiva

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4
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

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5
Q

corne/o

A

cornea or Kerat/o

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6
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body or muscle of the eye

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7
Q

dacry/o

A

tears, tear duct

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8
Q

ir/o, irid/o

A

iris

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9
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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10
Q

lacrim/o

A

tears

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11
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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12
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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13
Q

opt/o, optic/o

A

eye, vision

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14
Q

palpebr/o

A

eyelid

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15
Q

papill/o

A

optic disc; nipple like

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16
Q

phac/o, phak/o

A

lens of eye

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17
Q

pupill/o

A

pupil

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18
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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19
Q

scler/o

A

sclera

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20
Q

uve/o

A

uvea; vascular layer of eye

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21
Q

vitre/o

A

glassy

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22
Q

ambly/o

A

dull, dim

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23
Q

amblyopia

A

is reduction of visual acuity.

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24
Q

dipl/o

A

double

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25
Q

diplopia

A

double vison

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26
Q

glauc/o

A

gray

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27
Q

glaucoma

A

mass or collection of fluid in vision

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28
Q

mi/o

A

smaller, less

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29
Q

mydr/o

A

widen; enlarge

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30
Q

nyct/o

A

night

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31
Q

nyctalopia

A

blindness or poor vison at night but good during day

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32
Q

phot/o

A

light

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33
Q

photophobia

A

sensitivity to light

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34
Q

presby/o

A

old age

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35
Q

scot/o

A

darkness

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36
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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37
Q

-opia

A

vision

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38
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

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39
Q

-opsia

A

vision

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40
Q

hemianopsia

A

absence of vision in half of the visual

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41
Q

-tropia

A

to turn

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42
Q

esotropia

A

turning inward of eye

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43
Q

exotropia

A

turning outward of an eye

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44
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye.

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45
Q

photoreceptor cell responsible for color and central vision located in the retina that transforms light energy into nerve impulses

A
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46
Q

delicate membrane lining the undersurface of the eyelids and covering anterior eyeball

A
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47
Q

region at the back of the eye where optic nerve meets the retina

A

macula?

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48
Q

yellowish region in the retina; contains the fovea centralis

A
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49
Q

pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye

A
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50
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

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51
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

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52
Q

presbyopia

A

impairment of vision as a result of old age

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53
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

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54
Q

chalazion

A

small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid

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55
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

retinal effects of diabetes mellitus

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56
Q

occurs when fluid leaks from blood vessels into the retina and vision is blurred

A

macular edema

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57
Q

fluid leaking from the blood

A

exudates

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58
Q

increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

A

glaucoma

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58
Q

increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

A

glaucoma

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59
Q

hordeolum

A

localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of the sebaceous oil-producing gland in the eyelid

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60
Q

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

A

macular degeneration

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61
Q

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

A

nystagmus

62
Q

two layer of the retina separate from each other

A

retinal detachment

63
Q

photopsia

A

bright flashes of lights

64
Q

black spots or filmy shapes

A

floaters

65
Q

abnormal deviation of the eye

A

stabismus

66
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of eyelid, causing redness, crusting, swelling along lid margins

67
Q

dacryocystitis

A

blockage, inflammation, and infection of the nasolacrimal duct that causes redness and swelling in the region between nose and lower lid

68
Q

xanthelasma

A

raised yellowish plaque on eyelid caused by lipid disorder

69
Q

fluroscein angiography

A

intravenous injection of fluorescein (dye) followed by serial photographs of the retina via dilated pupils.

70
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of the eye

71
Q

examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification

A

slit lamp microscopy

72
Q

clarity of vision is assessed

A

visual acuity test

73
Q

snellen chart

A

distance vision test

74
Q

visual filed test

A

measurement of the entire scope of vision

75
Q

enucleation

A

removal of entire eyeball

76
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cornea

77
Q

intense, focused light beam creates inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels

A

laser photocoagulation

78
Q

use of excimer laser to correct errors of refraction

A

Lasik

79
Q

ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens; the pieces then aspirated via ultrasonic probe

A

phacoemulsification

80
Q

suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

A

scleral buckle

81
Q

removal of vitreous humor

A

vitrectomy

82
Q

What are the three regions of the ear?

A

outer ear, middle, and inner ear

83
Q

Which two ear regions function in the conduction of sound waves via the ear?

A

out and middle ear

84
Q

Which ear region receives the auditory waves and relays them to the brain?

A

inner ear

85
Q

Where do sound waves enter the ear?

A

Auricle or Pinna

86
Q

another name of auditory canal

A

external auditory meatus

87
Q

Yellow brown, waxy substance

A

cerumen

88
Q

What does cerumen do

A

lubricates and protects ear canal

89
Q

What does soundwaves strick after traveling via the audiotory canal

A

tympanic membrane or eardrum

90
Q

three small bones

A

ossicles

91
Q

what conducts sound waves in the middle ear

A

ossicles

92
Q

canal leading from middle ear to pharynx

A

eustachian tubes

93
Q

What does the eustachian tube do when swallowing

A

opens

94
Q

Why does the eustachian tube open during swallowing

A

to prevent damage to the eardrum and shock to the middle and inner ear

95
Q

What is the inner ear called

A

labyrinth due to circle maze like structure

96
Q

bony snail shell shape

A

cochlea

97
Q

What organ contains tiny, hair cells that received vibrations

A

organ of corti

98
Q

Voc - channel that leads from pinna to eardrum

A

auditory canal

99
Q

Voc- auditory canal

A

auditory meatus

100
Q

Carries impulses from inner ear to brain

A

auditory nerve fibers

101
Q

channel between middle ear and nasopharynx

A

auditory tube

102
Q

auricle

A

flap of the ear or external ear

103
Q

waxy substances secreted by external ear

A

cerumen

104
Q

fluid within labyrinth of inner ear

A

endolymph

105
Q

auditory tube

A

eustachian tube

106
Q

small bone of ear

A

ossicle

107
Q

fluid in labyrinth of inner ear

A

perilymph

108
Q

Acous/o

A

hearing

109
Q

audi/o

A

hearing, the sense of hearing

110
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

111
Q

aur/o, auricul/o

A

ear

112
Q

audiologist

A

health care proff specializes in evaluation of people with hearing loss

113
Q

cochle/o

A

cochlea

114
Q

mastoid/o

A

mastoid process

115
Q

myring/o

A

eardrum, tympanic membrane

116
Q

ossicul/o

A

ossicle

117
Q

ot/o

A

ear

118
Q

salping/o

A

eustachian tube, auditory tube

119
Q

staped/o

A

stapes

120
Q

tympan/o

A

eardrum, tympanic membrane

121
Q

vestibul/o

A

vestibule

122
Q

-acusis or -cusis

A

hearing

123
Q

hypercusis

A

abnormal acute sensitivity to sounds

124
Q

presbycusis

A

nerve deafness occurs with aging

125
Q

-meter

A

instrument ot measure

126
Q

-otia

A

ear condition

127
Q

macrotia

A

abnormally large ears

128
Q

audiogram

A

record produced when individual’s hearing is tested by audiometry

129
Q

acoustic neuroma

A

benign tumor from acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in brain

130
Q

cholesteatoma

A

collection of skin cells and cholesterol in sac of middle ear

131
Q

deafness

A

loss of ability to hear

132
Q

meniere disease

A

disoder fo labyrinth of inner ear

133
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of inner ear

134
Q

acute otitis media

A

infection of middle ear after URI.

135
Q

otosclerosis

A

hardening of bony tissues of middle ear

136
Q

tinnitus

A

sensation of noises in ear

137
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself of external objects

138
Q

audiometry

A

testing the sense of hearing

139
Q

cochlear implant procedure

A

surgical insertion of a device that allows sensorineural hearing impaired persons to understand speech

140
Q

ear thermometry

A

measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from eardrum

141
Q

otoscopy

A

visual examinaiton of the ear canal with otoscope

142
Q

tuning fork test

A

test of ear conduction using a vibration source

143
Q

tough white outer layer of eyeball

A

sclera

144
Q

colored portion of the eye surrounds pupil

A

iris

145
Q

fibrous layer of clear tissue that extends over anterior portion of eyeball

A

cornea

146
Q

delicate membrane lining eyelids and covers anterior eyeball

A

conjunctiva

147
Q

vascular layer of eyeball that continous with iris

A

choroid

148
Q

open center of iris through which light rays enter

A

pupil

149
Q

jelly like material behind lens that helps maintain shape of eyeball

A

vitreous humor

150
Q

transparent structure behind iris and in front of vitreous humor; refracts light rays onto retina

A

lens

151
Q

contains muscles that control shape of lens and secretes aqueous humor

A

ciliary body

152
Q

sensitive cells called rods and coens that transform light energy into nerve impulses

A

retina

Capella Medical Term (9 decks)

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