Sensory Integration and Processing

Question 1

Definition of Sensory System

Answer 1

-7 or 8 areas (if you include interoception)
-work in continuous feedback loop within nanoseconds
-organizing sensory input for functional behaviors

Question 2

Deficits in sensory system

Answer 2

-perception (sensory)
-organization (CNS)
-coordinated response (motor response)

Question 3

Motor skills do not develop independently of _________

Answer 3

sensory experiences and perception

Question 4

True or false. Sensory perceptions do not have connections with the limbic and autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

False.

sensory perceptions can cause poor emotion regulation, stress, anxiety, and low self-esteem

Question 5

Sensory-based interventions

Answer 5

addressing an individual’s sensory deficits

Question 6

Sensory integration framework

Answer 6

a method of assessing someone’s sensory system/integration

Question 7

How does sensory integration and processing as a system differ from the medical model?

Answer 7

The medical model tends to focus on deficits, a system or wellness model focuses on the whole person and is applicable to all populations and ages

Question 8

What is the progression of the sensory system driving motor behavior?

Answer 8

Sensory -> Motor -> Social -> Behavior

Question 9

Theory of Sensory Integration

Answer 9

-Jean Ayres
-Explains relationship b/w deficits in interpreting sensation of the body and the environment, and difficulties in academics or motor learning

Question 10

Branches of sensory processing disorder (SPD)

Answer 10

-Sensory Modulation Disorder (SMD)
-Sensory-based Motor Disorder (SBMD)
-Sensory Discrimination Disorder (SDD)

Question 11

Sensory Discrimination Disorder

Answer 11

-Struggles with understanding and responding to differentiated sensory stimuli across difference sensory systems
-Also deficits with processing multiple sensory information at once

Question 12

Deficits in proprioception

Answer 12

-poor body awareness
-difficulty with posture (leaning)
-clumsiness
-using too much or too little pressure
-“sensory seeking behaviors” (crashing, roughness, etc. trying to get more info to regulate)

Question 13

Deficits in vestibular system

Answer 13

-low muscle tone
-poor balance
-improper reactions to movements/uncoordination
-toe walking
-lack of trunk rotation or visual scanning

Question 14

How is toe walking related to the vestibular system?

Answer 14

Increasing the extensor tone helps to activate the vestibular system

Question 15

Deficits in tactile system

Answer 15

-difficulty with fine motor skills (handwriting)
-avoiding certain textures of food, clothing, or surfaces
-hypersensitive to unexpected touch

Question 16

Deficits in visual system

Answer 16

-sensitivity to light
-avoiding visual attention
-hesitation to go on stairs or playground equipment
-difficulties with math ability and spatial orientation
-struggles with hand-eye coordination

Question 17

Deficits in auditory system

Answer 17

-negative response to unexpected or loud noises
-difficulty focusing with background noise
-auditory inattentiveness
-overstimulation / unable to habituate

Question 18

True or false. The auditory, taste, and smell system have connections with the limbic system

Answer 18

True.

The taste and smell systems are connected to the limbic system via the amygdala and hippocampus

Question 19

Deficits in taste and smell systems

Answer 19

-feeding difficulties
-avoiding certain places or people b/c of their perception or associations with smell

Question 20

Interoception

Answer 20

Restrictive: Only sensations stemming from viscera

Inclusive: experience of the body state as a result of the CNS. Pain, hunger, heartbeat, temperature, etc.

Question 21

Sensory modulation disorder

Answer 21

-Difficulty with the sensory system staying in harmony
-Is on a spectrum
-Can be over or under responsive (defensiveness vs. dormancy)
-can result in sensory seeking or avoidant behaviors

Question 22

Sensory based motor disorders

Answer 22

deficits in stabilizing and performing or planning movements because of sensory issues

Question 23

Dyspraxia

Answer 23

-Praxis = motor planning!
-issues with creating and executing muscle movements, but only in the neural activity.
-can have typical neuromuscular function but still have dyspraxia b/c it applies to motor planning specifically

Question 24

Postural disorder

Answer 24

-poor core strength and endurance
-moving inefficiently b/c of poor balance and body awareness
-no internal motivation
-poor bilateral coordination
-poor occular-motor ability
-gravitational insecurity

Question 25

Aging and sensory integration/processing

Answer 25

-gradual decline in sensory systems and cognitive processing
-potentially an increase in multi-sensory processing b/c each of the individual senses are weakening or becoming less discriminatory so they need to work together more to get info from the environment
-more multisensory integration = less risk of falls

Question 26

How does sensory integration relate to gait?

Answer 26

It relates to the spatial aspects of gait (changing stride length and pace), but not the temporal aspects (automatic and rhythm)