sensory impairments Flashcards
What are the six human senses?
Sight, sound, touch, taste, smell. There are also Vestibular/Proprioceptive and Interoception
What is the Vestibular Sense?
Spatial orientation, knowing where we are in space
What is Proprioception?
Body awareness including:
○ Body part identification
○ Crossing midline
○ Laterality
○ Directionality
○ Contralateral movements
○ Exploring prepositions
What is Interoception?
Understanding what is happening in your body such as increased HR, anxiety, etc. It is tied to proprioception
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
- Sensation - neural activity when a stimulus activates a sensory receptor. Sends impulses along nerves to the brain.
- Perception - multistage process in the brain. Includes selection, processing, organization, and integration of information received from the senses.
What is Visual Acuity?
The sharpness of sight measured through an eye exam. Has to do with the anatomy of the eye
What is Visual Perception?
How we perceive information with our eyes; making sense of what we see
What is visual impairment?
Defined in terms of visual acuity and field of vision. Can include:
○ Total Blindness
○ Legal Blindness (20/200)
○ Need of corrective lenses
○ Motion Perception (3/200-5/200)
○ Light Perception (3/200)
What are the factors influencing PA participation for people with visual impairments?
○ Age of onset
○ Acquired vs. Congenital
○ Communication/Instruction
○ Sport Adaptations
What are some sport adaptations that can be made for athletes with visual impairments?
○ Use all of the senses, especially sound, tactile, and color contrast
○ Goal Ball
○ Sprinting with a guide
What is Auditory Sensation?
Sound waves entering through the outer ear to the middle ear. They vibrate the eardrum and middle ear, moving into the cochlea. The cochlea has little hairs that turn sound waves into electric nerve impulses. The auditory nerve connects the cochlea to the brain
What is Auditory Perception?
How we perceive sound and differentiate between words.
What are some important things to keep in mind when interacting with a person with a hearing impairment?
○ Focus on the person you are talking to, not the interpreter.
○ Don’t turn your back to the person.
○ Many people can read lips, so enunciate your words.
○ Shouting doesn’t help.
○ Make an effort to learn sign language.
○ Stay within their field of vision.
○ Use gestures and visual cues
What are some sport adaptations that can be made for athletes with hearing impairments?
- Visuals (lights, colors, arrows, videos, demonstrations, and handouts)
○ Non-verbal and augmentative communication
○ Be aware of impact, falls, and blows to the head
○ Dance and rhythm can be felt
Name 3 Community Resources in Alberta for people with sensory impairments?
○ Alberta Sport & Recreation Association for the Blind (ASRAB)
○ Sound off Festival (Deaf performing artists)
○ Alberta Deaf Sports Association (ADSA)
