Sensory Flashcards
What happen to olfaction as you age?
declilnes
Why does olfaction decline as you age?
Loss of olfactory sensory neurons neurons and cells in the olfactory bulbs
What are the effect of a decrease in olfaction?
Causes diminished appetite, food selection, possible malnutrition, and safety issues
What happens to taste as you age
- Declines in the number of fungiform papilla -Higher concentration of flavors required
- Changes in taste receptor function
What are the 5 Gustatory stimulants?
- Sour
- Sweet
- Salty
- Bitter
- Savoriness
Hypogeusia
Decrease in taste sensation
Ageusia
Absence of taste
Parageusia
Perversion of taste in which substances possess an unpleasant flavor
Where are the nerves for taste located?
- tongue, soft palate, uvula, pharynx, and upper esophagus
- GI tract and airway smooth muscle (but the main function is not for taste)
What are the olfactory stimulants
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Peppermint, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid
Hyposmia
Impaired sense of smell
Anosmia
Complete loss of smell
Olfactory hallucinations
Arise from hyperactivity in cortical neurons and involve smelling odors that are not really present
Parosmia
Abnormal or perverted sense of smell
What can alter sense of smell?
upper respiratory tract infections, frontal head injuries, smoking, medications, aging
T or F: taste and smell have a strong relationship
T, together they create flavor
Where are sense cells located?
olfactory epithelium
Where does trauma occur when loss of smell is associated?
Who is this common with?
- frontal lobe
- Common in football players (also diminishes sense of taste)
What nerves help innervate the sense of smell?
Cranial nerve I and part of V
What happens with conductive hearing loss?
Sound cannot be conducted through the middle ear
Is conductive hearing loss temporary or permanent?
Can be both
What is Sensorineural hearing loss related to?
Age
What happens with conductive hearing loss?
- Damage to inner ear or auditory nerve
- often permanent
- Impaired organ of Corti or its central connections
Presbycusis
age related hearing loss
