sensory Flashcards
sequence of the sensory sequence
stimulus
sensory reception
nerve impulse
mechanoreceptors
provide senses of touch, pressure, and vibration
thermoreceptors
specialized nerve cells in the skin; detect temperature
hair cells in cochlea
detect sound waves
proprioceptors
nerve receptors on skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules; coordinate input to enable us to detect the motion or position of our body
photoreceptors
retina, how we receive light
chemoreceptors
for taste
oflactory receptors
for smell, located in the epithelium of the nasal cavity
list the conscious states
delirium
dementia
confusion
normal consciousness
somnolence
minimally conscious
locked-in syndrome
somnolence
extremely drowsy but will respond to normal stimuli
locked-in syndrome
cannot follow commands
list the unconscious states
sleeping
stupor
coma
vegetative state
stupor
has to be aroused by extreme measures
coma
cannot be aroused or stimulated in any way
list the factors that effect sensory function
developmental stage
culture
illness
medications
stress
personality & lifestyle
what are the shared symptoms of sensory deprivation and sensory overload
irritability
confusion
reduced attention span
decreased problem solving ability
drowsiness
myopia
near sighted
most common
hyperopia
far sighted
presbyopia
lens become less elastic making it harder to see close up
occurs gradually with age
astigmatism
irregular curvature of the cornea
causes blurred vision
cataracts
clouding of the lens
can have surgery to remove
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure distorts shape of the cornea
older adults
bas case of diabetes
rinopathy
disorder of the retina due to uncontrolled DM and HTN
inflammation of the eye
white, fluffy patches on the retina
affects vsion
renal detachment
EMERGENCY
may cause blindness if not fixed
what may cause renal detachment
eye trauma
complications of cataracts surgery
sudden blindness
how to know of someone is experiencing macular degeneration
patient has loss of their central and near vision
strabismus
when intraocular muscles are weak or have a lesion
strabismus types
esotropia & exotropia
esotropia
eyes deviate inward
exotropia
one eye deviates outward
the most common ear problem
otitis media
infection of the middle ear
how to help an impacted cerumen (second most common ear problem)
otic irrigation
third most common ear problem
foreign object in the ear
arthritis of auditory bones
harden overtime
can influence or impair the sound waves
damage to cranial nerve VIII
sensorineural hearing loss caused by nerve damage:
ear trauma
hereditary
bacterial
viral
what may help mild damage to cranial nerve VIII
hearing aid
what may help severe damage to cranial nerve VIII
cochlear implant
presbcusis
progressive, sensorineural deterioration of hair cells
central deafness
damage to auditory area of the temporal lobe
will hearing aids help central deafness
no
what may cause central deafness
meningitis
stroke
trauma
tinnitus
ringing of the ears
what may cause tinnitus
medications
arthritis of the ear bone
exposure to loud noises
HTN
damage to microscopic nerves of the inner ear
osteosclerosis
hardening and overgrowth of bones of the middle ear
what is impaired in osteosclerosis
transmission of airways
what is tactile perception
touch sensory perception
what can cause impaired tactile perception
stroke, spinal injuries, peripheral nerve damage, brain injuries, immune system attack, chronic alcoholism
what are the receptors for kinesthetic sense
proprioreceptors
vertigo
uncontrolled dizziness, spinning
causes of vertigo
fluid in the ears
parkinsons
alcohol
stroke
tumors
vestibulo-ocular reflex
gaze stabilizing reflex
what occurs when someone with an impairment has an issue with the neurons involved with vision
impaired vestibulo-ocular reflex
individual moves their head and their eyes follow the direction
abnormal reaction–> ocular nerve injury
hemispatial neglect
occurs when individual has a stroke
- will not do anything on the affected side
- nurse takes care of neglected side
seizure
abrupt onset of electrical activity in the brain
primary generalized seizures
widespread electrical activity on both sides of the brain at one time
most common cause of primary generalized seizures
unknown hereditary factors
what is priority after someone has experienced a seizure
draw labs!
possible low levels of meds
partial seizures
occurs on one side of the brain
