sensing surroundings Flashcards
what is the pattern of response?
stimulus ~> detection ~> co-ordination ~> response
what are receptors?
specialised cells to detect a stimulus.
what are receptors’ jobs?
go convert stimulus into electrical signals in nerve cells.
name the types if stimulus and the type of receptors.
sight ~> light ~> eye sound ~> vibration ~> ears touch ~> pressure ~> skin taste ~> chemical ~> tongue smell ~> chemical ~> nose
what is a sense organ?
a group of receptors gathered together with some other structures.
what is the central nervous system made up of?
the brain and spinal cord.
what is an effector?
organs in the body that bring about a response to the stimulus.
what is the central nervous system’s job?
to process information from receptors so that the body can produce a response that will benefit a whole organism.
what is a neurone?
a specialised cell adapted to pass electrical impulses.
what are nerves?
bundles of neurones.
what is a sensory neurone?
carry impulses from receptors to the central nervous system.
what are motor neurones?
they carry impulses from the central nervous system to effectors.
what are relay neurones?
they pass messages between neurones in the central nervous system.
what is a synapse?
a small gap between the two neurones.
what is a reflex?
a reflex is a message passes straight to the motor neurone via a relay neurone. this is called a reflex action.
