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bio 30 > senses > Flashcards

senses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sensory Receptors

A

Modified ends of sensory neurons
* Convert different stimuli
to electrical energy
(action potential)
* Grouped within special
sensory organs

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2
Q

Sensation

A

occurs when the neural impulses
arrive at the cerebral cortex

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3
Q

Perception

A

your interpretation of the
sensory information by the cerebral cortex

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4
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

Ability of the brain to filter out redundant,
insignificant information
* E.g. putting on clothes, ticking of a clock

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5
Q

Taste

A

Tongue contains
chemoreceptors
* Saliva dissolves some of
our food. This allows
sensory receptors in taste
buds to detect taste
* Impulses from taste buds
travel to thalamus and
parietal lobe in brain

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6
Q

sclera

A

White
* Protective layer
maintaining the eye’s
shape
Front of sclera called
the cornea
* Bends light rays into
the eye
Behind cornea sits the
aqueous humor
* Aqueous humor is a
liquid
* Aqueous humor also
bends light

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7
Q

Vitreous Humor

A

Large chamber
behind lens
* Cloudy, jelly-like
substance
* Maintains the
shape of the
eyeball and
permits light
transmission

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8
Q

rods

A

-Extremely sensitive to
light
* Distinguish degrees of
black and white
* Detect motion
* Responsible for peripheral
vision
* Concentrated on outside
edges of retina

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9
Q

Astigmatism

A

Irregular shape
of the cornea or
lens
* Vision blurred
* Corrected by
surgery or
eyeglasses

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10
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness
* Images near are in focus, but far images
cannot be focused. Eyeball too long

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11
Q

Glaucoma

A

Increased build up of aqueous humor due to
increased production or decreased drainage,
which damages optic nerve

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12
Q

The ear is divided into 3 major
regions

A

Outer Ear
*Middle Ear
*Inner Ear

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13
Q

Tympanic Membrane/
Tympanum

A

Divides the outer and middle
ear
* Elastic structure
* Vibrates due to sound waves

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14
Q

Middle Ear

A

Begins at the tympanic membrane and
continues to the oval window
* An air filled chamber

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15
Q

Sound travels malleus 
incus  stapes
* Aka hammer

A

Ossicles
- 3 small bones of the middle
ear
* Sound travels malleus 
incus  stapes
* Aka hammer anvil 
stirrup
* Sound amplified as moves
from one to another
* The stapes strikes the oval
window

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16
Q

Semicircular Canals

A

3 canals arranged at
different angles
* The movement of the
fluid in the canals
helps you identify
body movement

17
Q

front of sclera

A

cornea, bends light ray into eye

18
Q

aqueous humour

A

Behind cornea sits the
aqueous humor
* Aqueous humor is a
liquid
* Aqueous humor also
bends light
Cornea
Aqueous
Humor

19
Q

Intermediate Layer

A

Called the choroid
* Contains blood vessels
and this choroid layer there
is the iris and pupil
* Iris is the coloured part of
the eye
* Iris regulates amount of
light entering pupil by
changing its shape
* Pupil is an opening for
light to enter inner eye

20
Q

retina

A

contains photoreceptors

21
Q

ok i dont care you can do it too

A

Photoreceptors
* Divided into rods and cones

22
Q

rods

A

Extremely sensitive to
light
* Distinguish degrees of
black and white
* Detect motion
* Responsible for peripheral
vision
* Concentrated on outside
edges of retina

23
Q

cones

A

Cones
* Colour-detecting
* Need intense light to work
* Located in the fovea
centralis
* Three types: detect red, blue
and green wavelengths of
light

24
Q

color ocuess

A

Occurs when one or
more types of cones are
defective
* Most common type is
red-green colour
blindness when red
sensitive cones are
defective (genetic)
* Most common in males

25
Q

Aataracts

A
  • Lens becomes opaque, and must be replaced
  • Protein structure starts to degenerate
26
Q

Outer Ear

A

Leading from the
external environment
to the ear drum/
tympanic membrane/
tympanum
* Carries noise as
sound vibration

27
Q

Auditory Canal

A

Carries the sound to the eardrum
and middle ear
* Amplifies sound waves (louder)
* Lined with sweat glands that
produce earwax

28
Q

Tympanic Membrane

A

Divides the outer and middle
ear
* Elastic structure
* Vibrates due to sound waves

29
Q

Tympanic Membrane/
Tympanum

A

Divides the outer and middle
ear
* Elastic structure
* Vibrates due to sound waves

30
Q

Inner Ear

A

Made up of 3 areas:
1) Semicircular canals
2) Vestibule
3) Cochlea
* Both equilibrium and
hearing are controlled here
* Fluid filled area

bio 30 (5 decks)

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