Sensation and perception (3)

Question 1

What are the parts of the ear?

Answer 1

Auditory nerve
vestibular organ
ear canal
pinna
cochlea
organ of corti
basilar membrane
eardrum
hammer
anvil
stirrup
oval window
middle ear

Question 2

What are the theories of hearing and explain them

Answer 2

Place theory
Pitch depends on the place on the basilar membrane where the messages are strongest

Frequency theory
vibrations of whole basilar membrane causes equivalent frequency of nerve impulses firing in succession to give a certain pitch

Question 3

What is the basilar membrane?

Answer 3

the main mechanical element of the inner ear

it supports hair cells, the base layer of the organ corti and propagates sound vibrations that allows the brain to interpret sound

Question 4

Taste

Answer 4

receptor cells are in the buds on the tip, sides and back of the tongue

Question 5

Parts of the circumvallate papilla and their functions

Answer 5

Filliform papillae - gives the tongue its texture
circumvallate papilla - sensitive to bitter taste and evolved in your gag reflex
taste buds - cells on your tongue that perceive taste
connective tissue - help bind other tissues
salivary glands - produces saliva
muscle layer

Question 6

Parts of the taste bud and their functions

Answer 6

taste pore - small openings in the tongue epithelium
Microvilli - finger like membrane protrusions
Taste cell (receptors) - each taste buds has 50-150 taste cells
Nerve fiber (axon) - carry electrical impulses away from the nerve cell body