Sensation And Perception

Question 1

What is sensation?

Answer 1

Sensation is the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Question 2

What is perception?

Answer 2

Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.

Question 3

True or False: Sensation and perception are the same processes.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What are the five main senses?

Answer 4

The five main senses are sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering.

Answer 5

iris

Question 6

What is the role of the retina?

Answer 6

The retina contains photoreceptor cells that convert light into neural signals.

Question 7

True or False: The fovea is the area of the retina with the highest concentration of rods.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the difference between rods and cones?

Answer 8

Rods are sensitive to low light levels and do not detect color, while cones are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light.

Question 9

What is the threshold for sensation called?

Answer 9

The absolute threshold.

Question 10

What is difference threshold?

Answer 10

The smallest difference between two stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time.

Question 11

True or False: Weber’s Law states that the difference threshold is a constant proportion of the original stimulus.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is sensory adaptation?

Answer 12

Sensory adaptation is the decreased sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The _____ pathway is responsible for processing visual information.

Answer 13

visual

Question 14

What is the role of the auditory canal?

Answer 14

The auditory canal channels sound waves to the eardrum.

Question 15

What are the three bones in the middle ear called?

Answer 15

The malleus, incus, and stapes.

Question 16

True or False: The cochlea is involved in the sense of balance.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the function of hair cells in the cochlea?

Answer 17

Hair cells convert sound vibrations into neural signals.

Question 18

What is the pathway of visual processing in the brain?

Answer 18

Visual information is processed in the occipital lobe after being transmitted via the optic nerve.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The _____ system detects changes in body position and movement.

Answer 19

vestibular

Question 20

What is the primary somatosensory cortex responsible for?

Answer 20

Processing tactile information from the body.

Question 21

True or False: Gustation refers to the sense of smell.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

What are the primary tastes identified by the human tongue?

Answer 22

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.

Question 23

What is the role of olfactory receptors?

Answer 23

Olfactory receptors detect airborne chemicals and are responsible for the sense of smell.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The _____ theory explains how we perceive color based on three types of cones.

Answer 24

trichromatic

Question 25

What is the opponent-process theory?

Answer 25

The opponent-process theory suggests that color perception is controlled by opposing pairs of colors.

Question 26

True or False: The Gestalt principles focus on how we organize visual information.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the principle of figure-ground in Gestalt psychology?

Answer 27

The principle of figure-ground refers to our ability to distinguish an object (the figure) from its background (the ground).

Question 28

What does the term 'perceptual set' refer to?

Answer 28

Perceptual set refers to a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _____ effect occurs when expectations influence perception.

Answer 29

expectation

Question 30

What is top-down processing?

Answer 30

Top-down processing is the interpretation of sensory input based on prior knowledge and experiences.

Question 31

What is bottom-up processing?

Answer 31

Bottom-up processing is the analysis of the smaller features to build up to a complete perception.

Question 32

True or False: Depth perception is the ability to see objects in three dimensions.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What are monocular cues?

Answer 33

Monocular cues are depth cues that can be perceived with one eye.

Question 34

What are binocular cues?

Answer 34

Binocular cues are depth cues that require the use of both eyes.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The _____ illusion demonstrates how our perception can be influenced by context.

Answer 35

Müller-Lyer

Question 36

What is the role of the thalamus in sensation?

Answer 36

The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information before it reaches the cortex.

Question 37

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

Answer 37

The corpus callosum connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Question 38

True or False: Sensory information is processed in the same area of the brain for all senses.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

What is the role of attention in perception?

Answer 39

Attention helps prioritize sensory information, allowing us to focus on what is most important.

Question 40

What is the cocktail party effect?

Answer 40

The cocktail party effect is the ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The _____ theory suggests that pain perception can be controlled by psychological factors.

Answer 41

gate control

Question 42

What is the placebo effect in the context of perception?

Answer 42

The placebo effect is when a person's perception of pain or discomfort is altered by their expectations or beliefs.

Question 43

True or False: Perception is solely based on sensory input.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

What does the term 'multisensory integration' refer to?

Answer 44

Multisensory integration refers to the process by which the brain combines information from multiple senses.

Question 45

What is perceptual constancy?

Answer 45

Perceptual constancy is the ability to perceive objects as stable despite changes in sensory input.

Question 46

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the smallest detectable unit of sound.

Answer 46

decibel

Question 47

What is the function of the tympanic membrane?

Answer 47

The tympanic membrane, or eardrum, vibrates in response to sound waves.

Question 48

True or False: The sense of taste is directly linked to the olfactory system.

Answer 48

True

Question 49

What is the role of the amygdala in perception?

Answer 49

The amygdala processes emotional responses to sensory information.

Question 50

What is the significance of the visual cliff experiment?

Answer 50

The visual cliff experiment demonstrates depth perception in infants.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The _____ field is the area that a sensory receptor can respond to.

Answer 51

receptive

Question 52

What is the concept of 'sensation seeking'?

Answer 52

Sensation seeking is the tendency to seek varied, novel, and complex sensations and experiences.

Question 53

What is the primary function of the somatosensory system?

Answer 53

The somatosensory system processes sensory input from the skin and internal organs.

Question 54

True or False: The sense of touch is only localized to the skin.

Answer 54

False