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Psych: Unit 1 > Sensation > Flashcards

Sensation Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensation

A

the brain receives input from the sensory organs on surrounding space

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2
Q

Transduction

A

transforming cell stimulation into neural impulses

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3
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

our senses get used to important things as they keep going

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4
Q

Sensory interaction

A

different senses influence each other

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5
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

the minimum of stimulus level needed to detect the stimulus

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6
Q

Difference Threshold

A

when there are two almost identical objects and someone can tell the the difference only 50 % of the time

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7
Q

Just Noticeable Difference

A

when someone can just be able tell the difference between two almost identical items

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8
Q

Weber’s Law

A

if two things seem different, must differ at constant percentage

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9
Q

Synaesthesia

A

when one sense is triggered by a sensation in a different sense

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10
Q

Retina

A

thin layer of cells in back of the eye

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11
Q

Rods

A

perefrial vision and helps you see back and white

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12
Q

Cones

A

helps you see color

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13
Q

Ganglion Cells

A

gather neural impulses to optic nerve

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14
Q

Fovea

A

central point of focus and detail

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15
Q

Lens

A

focuses and flips

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16
Q

Cornea

A

bends light and protects eye

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17
Q

Iris

A

colored muscle and helps dilate or constrict pupil

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18
Q

Pupil

A

opening of eye

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19
Q

visual/optic nerve

A

transmit visual information to thalamus and visual cortex

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20
Q

Accommodation

A

lens can change shape to focus on near or far objects

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21
Q

Blind Spot

A

area in eye with no visual field, no receptor cells where optic nerve leaves eye

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22
Q

Young Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

A

three different types of receptor cones in eye that respond to different wavelengths, red(long), green(medium), and blue(short)

23
Q

Opponent Process Theory

A

neural process of receiving colors as opposite; white and black, green and red, and blue and yellow

24
Q

Afterimages

A

when ganglion cells become overstimulated you see the opposite colors afterward

25
Q

Dichromatism/monochromatism

A

color blind; when one or two of your cones are missing

26
Q

Occipital lobes

A

receive visual information

27
Q

Nearsightedness

A

can focus/see things near but not far

28
Q

Farsightedness

A

can see/focus on things far but not near

29
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

face blindness

30
Q

Blindsight

A

can’t see but respond to things like you can see

31
Q

Wavelength

A

vision- color; hearing- pitch

32
Q

Amplitude

A

vision- brightness; hearing-loudness

33
Q

Conduction Hearing Loss

A

when the middle of the ear is not conducting sound to cochlea well

34
Q

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A

when the receptor cells aren’t sending messages through auditory nerves

35
Q

Place Theory

A

high frequency pitches; high vibrations are at front of cochlea and low frequencies at the back

36
Q

Frequency Theory

A

low frequency pitches; sound frequencies send signals at whatever rate the sound is received

37
Q

Volley Principle

A

medium frequency pitches; one neuron fires and then send to different neuron to fire and send back and forth to each other

38
Q

Sound localization

A

brain can direct where sound is coming from

39
Q

Olfaction

A

smell

40
Q

Gustation

A

taste

41
Q

Thalamus

A

where all sensory information is sent except for smell

42
Q

Pheromones

A

a scent that is left for communicating (usually for animals)

43
Q

Gustatory cells

A

taste receptors, 6 different kinds: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami, oleogustus

44
Q

Taste receptors

A

project hairs into taste buds to taste, and send information to gustatory cortex

45
Q

Supertasters

A

a lot of little bumps on tongue, has intricate sense of taste

46
Q

Medium Taster

A

regular amount of bumps, normal sense of taste

47
Q

Non-taster

A

not a lot of bumps on tongue, cannot taste very many things

48
Q

Hot/Cold sensation

A

when you have cold and pressure you feel wet and when it goes from cold to hot you feel searing

49
Q

Gate-Control Theory

A

gate can be opened by small nerve fibers to send pain signals to brain and can be closed by large ones to stop sending signals

50
Q

Phantom Limb Sensation

A

when you do not have a limb but still get sensations and pain as if it were still on your body

51
Q

Vestibular Sense

A

ability to sense position of body and be able to balance

52
Q

Semicircular canals

A

fluid chambers by in inner ear to send messages to cerebellum about body position

53
Q

Kinesthesis

A

sensing and coordination of individual body parts

Psych: Unit 1 (5 decks)

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