Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych: Unit 1 > Brain/Neural Firing > Flashcards

Brain/Neural Firing Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Biological Psychology

A

study on how or make up influences behavior, thoughts and emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neuron

A

processes information in body (three types)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

carry messages IN from the body’s tissues and sensory receptor to CNS for processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Motor Neurons

A

carry OUT instructions from the CNS to body’s tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Interneurons

A

processes information between sensory input and motor output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dendrite

A

receive messages from other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Axon

A

passes messages away from cell body to other neuron, muscles, and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

cover axon of some Neurons and helps speed neural impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

disease that affects central nervous system, specifically the myelin sheath, it slows down neural impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

can cause weakness in muscles because of Acetylcholine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glial Cells

A

help insulate, restore, and protect body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Action Potential/Firing potential

A

neural impulse traveling down axon like a wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Resting Potential

A

no neural impulse is traveling down the axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Refractory Period

A

does not allow any more action potential to be created

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Threshold

A

a certain amount the action potential has to gain before it starts moving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Synapse

A

gap between the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Excitatory Synapse

A

synapse that increases the action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Inhibitory Synapse

A

Synapse that decreases the action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

All-or-None Response

A

either the the neuron fires or it does not (no in between)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Polarization

A

action potential in a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Depolarization

A

neurons charge is becoming positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Repolarization

A

neurons charge going back to negative state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

chemicals used to send signals across synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Acetylcholine

A

enables muscle action, learning, memory, and sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dopamine

A

influences movement, learning, attention, emotion, and reward pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Serotonin

A

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Norepinephrine

A

helps control alertness and arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

GABA

A

major inhibitory neurotransmitter, reduces excitability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Glutamate

A

major excitatory neurotransmitter, involves memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Endorphins

A

body’s natural pain reliever and mood enhancers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Substance P

A

helps transmit pain signals to brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Agonists

A

molecule fill receptor site, and impersonates neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Antagonists

A

fills the lock so neurotransmitter cannot active the receptor cite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Reuptake inhibitors

A

do not allow the excess neurotransmitters to go back up into the neuron causing the cell to over stimulate

35
Q

Nervous System

A

makes your body’s decisions and send signals to your body

36
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

consists of brain and spinal cord and makes decisions for body

37
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

consists of the nerves and gathers and sends information to and from the rest of the body

38
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

39
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

controls self-regulated internal organs and glands

40
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

arouses (fight or flight)

41
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

calms (rest and digest)

42
Q

Reflex Arc

A

it allows you to react to something before your brain even processes it

43
Q

Endocrine System

A

set of glands that produce hormones into bloodstream

44
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

secrete different hormones

45
Q

Hormones

A

chemical messengers

46
Q

Adrenaline

A

“fight or flight”, increases heart rate, boosts energy

47
Q

Leptin

A

tells you when your full

48
Q

Grehlin

A

stimulates appetite (“hunger hormone”)

49
Q

Melatonin

A

regulates sleep-wake cycle

50
Q

Oxytocin

A

“love hormone”, sexual arousal

51
Q

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

recording of electrical waves sweeping across brain’s surface (helpful in studying seizures and sleep)

52
Q

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI)

A

reveals brain activity and function

53
Q

Brainstem

A

pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from the brain; controls simple reflexes

54
Q

Medulla

A

controls heartbeat and breathing

55
Q

Reticular activating system

A

helps control arousal

56
Q

Reward center

A

place of the brain with the feeling of desirable outcome happens

57
Q

Thalamus

A

where all sensory information goes (except smell)

58
Q

Cerebellum

A

coordinates voluntary movement and balance and supports memories

59
Q

Limbic System

A

group of interconnected brain structures that help regulate emotion and behavior

60
Q

Amygdala

A

linked to emotion

61
Q

Hypothalamus

A

controls main functions (eating); helps govern endocrine system; linked to emotion and reward

62
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

brain; memory, attention, precipitation, awareness, and thought

63
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

involves planning, impulse control, personality, emotional regulation, and decision-making

64
Q

Frontal Lobes

A

involved in speaking muscle movements, planning, and judgement

65
Q

Parietal Lobes

A

include the somatosensory cortex and information

66
Q

Somatosensory Cortex

A

processes touch, pain, pressure, and temperature (located in parietal lobe)

67
Q

Occipital Lobes

A

includes visual areas

68
Q

Temporal Lobes

A

includes auditory processing area

69
Q

Motor Cortex

A

axons receive motor signals from brain; controls functions

70
Q

Sensory Cortex

A

axons send sensory information to brain

71
Q

Association Areas

A

areas in the brain that do not have specific motor or sensory function

72
Q

Broca’s area

A

located in left frontal lobe, if damaged leads to difficulty speaking and putting words together

73
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

located in left temporal lobe, if damaged difficulty comprehending speech and producing coherent speech

74
Q

Aphasia

A

not being able to speak or understand a language

75
Q

Hippocampus

A

linked to memory

76
Q

Plasticity

A

flexibility of the brain, can make up for some places that do not function correctly

77
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

axon fibers that connect the two hemispheres

78
Q

Split Brain

A

brain has two parts ( right and left hemisphere) that work in unison together

79
Q

Left Hemisphere

A

includes language comprehension, speech, and details

80
Q

Right Hemisphere

A

includes feelings, tone, spacial recognition, and perceptual tasks

81
Q

Contralateral organization

A

one side of the body is control be the other side of the brain, work together to create efficiency

82
Q

Cognitive Neuroscience

A

study of the brain supporting the mind

83
Q

Case studies

A

research method of one specific person/case that cannot be recreated

83
Q

Lesioning procedures

A

taking out parts of the brain that are causing problems to see how it reacts and changes life

Psych: Unit 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions