Sensation

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

your window to the world

Question 2

Bottom-up processing

Answer 2

Senses to brain
- analysis that begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information

Question 3

top-down processing

Answer 3

brain to senses
-information processing guided by higher-level mental processes

Question 4

psychophysics

Answer 4

relationship between physical stimuli and our psychological experiences to them.

Question 5

Absolute Threshold

Answer 5

minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus

Question 6

Difference Threshold

Answer 6

minimum difference between two stimuli
just noticeable difference (JND)

Question 7

Signal Detection Theory

Answer 7

predicts how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise)

Question 8

Weber’s Law

Answer 8

to perceive a difference between two stimuli, they must differ by a constant proportion
-light intensity- 8%
weight- 2%
tone frequency- 0.3%

Question 9

Sensory Adaptation

Answer 9

Decreased responsiveness to stimuli due to constant stimulation.
ex. wearing socks and wearing glasses

Question 10

Transduction

Answer 10

Transforming signals into neural impulses.

Question 11

Selective Attention

Answer 11

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus.

Question 12

Vision

Answer 12

most dominating sense

Question 13

Pupil

Answer 13

adjustable opening in the center of the eye

Question 14

Iris

Answer 14

a ring of muscle that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening

Question 15

Lens

Answer 15

transparent structure behind pupil that changes shape to focus images on the retina

Question 16

Optic nerve

Answer 16

nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Question 17

Fovea

Answer 17

central point in the retina, around which the eye’s cones cluster

Question 17

Blind spot

Answer 17

point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a “blind spot” because there are no receptor cells located there

Question 18

Place theory

Answer 18

Different hairs vibrate in the cochlea when they experience different pitches

Question 19

Frequency Theory

Answer 19

All the hairs vibrate but at different speeds
-The speed of neural firing corresponds to our perceptions of different pitches.

Question 20

Conduction Deafness

Answer 20

Something goes wrong with the sound and the vibration on the way to the cochlea.
(You can get a hearing aid to help)

Question 21

Nerve deafness

Answer 21

-The hair cells in the cochlea get damaged.
- Caused by loud noises
NO WAY to replace the hairs.
Cochlea implant is possible.

Question 22

Gate-Control Theory

Answer 22

theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological “gate” that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain

Question 23

Papillae

Answer 23

Bumps on tongue for tasting

Question 24

Taste Sensations

Answer 24

Sweet Sour Salty Bitter

Question 25

Sensory interaction

Answer 25

-the principle that one sense may influence another -as when the smell of food influences its taste

Question 26

Pheromones

Answer 26

subtle chemical Signals

Question 27

Vestibular Sense

Answer 27

Tells us where our body is oriented in space. (Our sense of balance)

Question 28

Kinesthetic Sense

Answer 28

Tells us where our body parts are.

Question 29

Pain controlled by

Answer 29

spinal cord