Semisolid Preparations - ointments, creams, gels Flashcards
Transdermal products
designed to deliver drugs through the skin (percutaneous absorption) to general circulation for systemic effects
-Fortesta (testosterone)
Topical products
designed to deliver drug into the skin in treating dermal disorders
-Lamisil (Terbinafine)
Oleaginous bases (hydrocarbon bases)
-Emollient (softening, moisturizing)
-Effective as occlusive (no air or moisture can enter or leave)
-No drying for long time
-Only small amounts of water can be incorporated
What are the two types of absorption bases
-permit incorporation of aq solns resulting in formation of water-in-oil emulsions
-already inwater-in-oil emulsions that permit incorporation of additional quantities of aq solns
Hydrophilic petrolatum, aquaphor, lanolin
absorption bases
Methyl paraben
Propyl paraben
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Propylene glycol
Stearyl alcohol
White petrolatum
Purified water
Hydrophilic ointments
How to compound hydrophilic ointment
Other agents are added to water and this solution is added to melted base with stirring
Features of water soluble bases
Completely water washable “greaseless”
Softens with addition of water
What are the two compounding methods when preparing ointments
Incorporation
Fusion
Fusion method use when preparing ointments
Heat labile materials are added last
Quality control texts of ointments
Uniformity of dosage units
Water content
Microbial limits
Antimicrobial preservative content
Sterility
pH
Particle size
Crystal formation
in vitro
What is a diffusion cell in quality control in vitro testing
A reliable and reproducible means of measuring drug release from semisolid dosage forms
What are gels
Disperse systems containing dispersions of small or large molecules in an aqueous vehicle
Commonly used gelling agents
CMC, HPMC, tragacanth, poloxamer
Various types of gels
Hydrogels-ingredients that form colloidal dispersions in water
Inorganic gels-two phase systems
Organic gels-hydrocarbons, animal and veggie fats
